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Oral Histology > Formation of the Mandible and Temporomandibular joint > Flashcards

Formation of the Mandible and Temporomandibular joint Flashcards

1
Q

Ossification Centers

A

Initial appearance of bone tissue in the area where each of the 206 bone organs of the body form

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2
Q

Intramembranous ossification centers

A

Ossification centers in the mesenchyme

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3
Q

Endochondral ossification centers

A

Ossification centers within a cartilage model

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4
Q

T/F - the number of ossification centers vary from bone to bone

A

True

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5
Q

How many ossification centers are in the mandible?

A

2 - one for each half

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6
Q

How many ossification centers are in the maxilla?

A

2 for each bone (4 total)

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7
Q

Mixed ossification centers

A

Some bones have both intramembranos and endochondral ossification centers

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8
Q

What is an example of a bone that has a mixed ossification center?

A

Temporal bones

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9
Q

Intramembranous bone tissue formation

A

Highly vascular connective tissue where all bone formation occurs

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10
Q

Growth sites

A

Where bone tissue is added to a bone organ

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11
Q

Paired Meckel’s Cartilage

A

Temporary skeleton of mandibular processes of branchial arch I
Serve as a temporary attachment for muscles that eventually attach to mandible
Serves as temporary anterior lingual plate of forming mandible halves
Serves as an enclosed growth site at the chin end of the mandible halves

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12
Q

Meckels cartilage serves as a model for what?

A

2 ear ossicles - malleus and incus

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13
Q

What appears at the site of Meckel’s cartilage

A

2 ligaments - anterior mallelar and sphenomandibular ligaments

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14
Q

What happens to Meckel’s cartilage?

A

It undergrows growth, mineralization, and resorption while serving as an anterior growth site and is replaxed as temporary anterior lingual plates by encroaching bone tissue of the growing mandible halves

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15
Q

When does mandible formation start?

A

6th embryonic week

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16
Q

Where are the ossification centers for mandible formation

A

Within the mesenchymal tissue lateral to Meckel’s cartilage at the site of the future mental foramina (where the mental and incisive nerves branch from the inferior alveolar)

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17
Q

In what direction does the mandible grow from the ossification centers?

A

Anterior and Posterior

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18
Q

Anterior growth of the mandible

A

The bone incorporates the distal parts of Meckels’ cartilage

This iscorporated part of the cartilage becomes the temporary lingual plate and growth site of each mandible half

19
Q

Posterior growth of the mandible

A

The bone is in the form of a ‘U’ (or trough) featuring facial and lingual plates
The posterior end of the facial plate incorporates an independent piece of hyaline cartilage that becomes ‘condylar cartilage’ - another growth site of each mandible half

20
Q

When does osseous union between the 2 mandibular halves occur?

A

At the end of the first postnatal year

21
Q

Condylar cartilage

A

An independent, cone-shaped area of cartilage that becomes enclosed in the posterior end of the facial bone

22
Q

Fate of the proximal end of Meckel’s cartilage

A

Becomes the malleus and incus ossicles

Becomes the anterior mallelar ligament

23
Q

Fate of the middle area of Meckel’s cartilage

A

Becomes the Sphenomandibular ligament

24
Q

Fate of the distal end of Mecke’s cartilage

A

Temporary anterior lingual plate
Growth sites of the mandible halves - the cartilage mineralizes, resorbes, and is replaces by bone tissue of the anterior lingual plate of the mandible

25
Q

Joint definition

A

A place of union or junction between two or more bones of the skeleton

26
Q

What are the different types of joints

A 
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis
Ginglymoarthrodial
Gomphosis
27
Q

Synarthrositic joint

A

Permits little or no mobility

Fibrous and suture jointss

28
Q

Synarthrositic joint example

A

Between maxillary bones

29
Q

Amphiarthrosis joint

A

Permits slight mobility

Cartilagenous joints

30
Q

Amphiarthrotic joint example

A

Pubic Symphysis

31
Q

Diarthrotic joint

A

Permits a variety of movements

Synovial joints

32
Q

Diarthrotic joint example

A

Temporomandibular joint

33
Q

Ginglymoarthrodial joint

A

Dual compartment

34
Q

Gomphosis joint

A

A joing that binds a tooth to a bone socket

35
Q

What are features of most freely moveable joints?

A

One joint cavity
Incomplete articular disc
Cartilage articular surfaces

36
Q

What freely moving joint is different from the rest?

A

TMJ

37
Q

What are some unique features of the TMJ?

A

Formed by the joining of the temporal and mandibular bones
Complete articular disc
Two joint concavities
Soft connective tissue articulating surface

38
Q

Hyaline Cartilage of the condyle

A

Growth site for the mandible
Appositional growth occurs between the articular connective tissue surface and the condylar cartilage
At the lower end, the cartilage is mineralized, resorbed, and replaced by bone

39
Q

When is the condylar cartilage replaced by compact bone?

A

Age 25

40
Q

When does 2 ossification centers of the mandible form?

A

6th week IU

41
Q

When does the blastema appear?

A

8th week IU

42
Q

When does cavitation within the blastema of the TMJ appear?

A

3rd month IU

43
Q

TMJ blastema

A

Where the condylar cartilage, articular disc, two joint concavities, and soft tissue articular surfaces all form

Oral Histology (12 decks)

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