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Fiser Absite > 39 - Urology > Flashcards

39 - Urology Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Fascia around kidney

A

Gerota’s fascia

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2
Q

Anterior to posterior configuration of renal vessels

A

VAP (Renal vein -> artery -> pelvis)

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3
Q

Which renal vessel crosses posterior to the IVC

A

Right renal artery

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4
Q

Which renal vessel lies anterior to the aorta

A

Left renal vein

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5
Q

The ureters cross over _

A

Iliac vessels

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6
Q

Which renal vessel has collaterals and can thus be ligated

A

Left renal vein

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7
Q

Connects to the vas deferens (2)

A

Epididymis

Seminal Vesicles

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8
Q

The testicular artery, pampiform plexus, vas deferens, cremasteric muscle and ilioinguinal/genital nerves make up the _

A

Spermatic cord structures

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9
Q

Erection is due to _ nerve fibers

A

Parasympathetic

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10
Q

Ejaculation is due to _ nerve fibers

A

Sympathetic

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11
Q

Most common cause of acute renal insufficiency following surgery

A

Hypotension

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12
Q

Most common kidney stone type (75%)

A

Calcium oxalate

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13
Q

Radiopaque kidney stone types

A

Calcium oxalate

Struvite

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14
Q

Stone type increased with terminal ileum resection

A

Calcium oxalate

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15
Q

Stone type that occur with infections from UREASE producing bacteria (proteus mirabilis)

A

Struvite

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16
Q

Stone type that can result in staghorn calculi

A

Struvite

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17
Q

Radiolucent stone types

A

Uric acid

Cysteine

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18
Q

Stone type increased in pts with ileostomies and myeloproliferative disorders

A

Uric acid

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19
Q

Stone type associated with congenital disorders such as cystinuria

A

Cysteine stones

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20
Q

Size of stone likely not to pass

A

> 6mm

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21
Q

1 cancer killer in men 25-35

A

Testicular cancer

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22
Q

Most common symptom with testicular cancer

A

Painless hard mass

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23
Q

Surgical intervention for testicular mass and what type of incision

A

Orchiectomy through INGUINAL incision

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24
Q

Labs value correlating with tumor bulk in testicular cancer

A

LDH

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25
Labs to check with testicular cancer (3)
B-HCG, AFP, LDH
26
Most likely type of testicular cancer with cryptorchidism
Seminoma
27
Seminoma should not have elevated _ (lab value)
AFP
28
Testicular cancer type extremely sensitive to XRT
Seminoma
29
Tx for seminoma
Orchiectomy and retroperitoneal XRT
30
Embryonal, teratoma, choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumors are _ type of testicular cancer
Nonseminimatous
31
Tx for nonseminomatous tumors
Orchiectomy and retroperitoneal nodal dissection
32
Chemo for testiuclar cancer (3)
Cisplatin Bleomycin VP-16
33
When to give chemo for seminoma and nonseminoma testicular cancers
Seminoma - Metastatic dz or bulky retroperitoneal dz | Nonseminomas - Stage 2 or greater
34
Most common site of prostate cancer
Posterior lobe
35
Most common site of prostate cancer metastasis
Bone
36
Prostate Ca Tx for intracapsular tumors (no mets) - 3 options
1 - XRT 2 - Radical prostatectomy with pelvic LN dissection 3 - Nothing (depending on age/life span)
37
Prostate Ca Tx for extracapsular invasion or metastatic dz
XRT and adrogen ablation (leuprolide, flutamide, b/l orchiectomy)
38
Methods of androgen ablation for prostate cancer (3)
1 - GnRH agonist (leuprolide) 2 - Testosterone receptor blocker (flutamide) 3 - Bilateral orchietomy
39
With prostatectomy, PSA should go to 0 within _ weeks
3
40
#1 primary tumor of the kidney
Renal cell carcinoma
41
Most common site for RCC mets
Lungs
42
Erythrocytosis can occur secondary to _
Increased erythropoietin (HTN)
43
Tx for RCC (3)
Radical nephrectomy with regional nodes, XRT, chemotx
44
Components of radical nephrectomy (4)
Kidney Adrenal Gerota's fascia regional nodes
45
Most common tumor in the kidney
Breast Ca metastasis
46
Tx for transitional cell CA of renal pelvis
Radical nephroureterectomy
47
Components of Von Hippel Lindau syndrome (3)
Renal cell carcinoma CNS tumors Pheochromocytoma
48
Dx for bladder cancer
Cystoscopy
49
Squamous cell CA of bladder associated with _ infection
Schistosomiasis
50
Tx of bladder CA with muscle invasion (>/= T2) - 3 things
Cystectomy with ileal conduit Chemo XRT
51
Chemo for bladder cancer
``` (MVAC) Methotrexate Vinblastine Adriamycin Cisplatin ```
52
Tx of bladder CA with no muscle invasion (2)
Intravesical BCG injection | Transurethral resection
53
Suturetype to use with ureter repaair
Absorbable (prevent stone formation)
54
Alpha blocker examples and MOA for BPH
Tamsulosin, doxazosin | Smooth muscle relaxers
55
5-alpha reductase inhibitor examples and MOA
Finasteride | Inhibits conversion of testosterone to DHT
56
Hypermobile urethra or loss of sphincter mechanism resulting in incontinence
Stress incontinence
57
Incomplete emptying of enlarged bladder incontinence
Overflow incontinence
58
Dx of vesicoureteral reflux
Voiding cystourethrogram
59
Most common urinary tract abnormality
Ureteral duplication
60
Most common reason for newborn boy not to urinate
Posterior urethral valve
61
Dx of posterio urethral valve
Voiding cystourethrogram
62
Ventral opening on penis
Hypospadias
63
Dorsal opening on penis
Epispadias
64
When to repair hypospadias
6 months
65
Horseshoe kidney is usually joined at _ pole
lower
66
Renal association with WBC casts
Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis
67
Renal association with RBC casts
Glomerulonephritis
68
Surigcal intervention for phimosis
Dorsal slit

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