Chamber Quantification

Question 1

A normal LV mass index LINEAR METHOD in women? Men? 2D METHOD?

Answer 1

women: 95 g/m² men: 115 g/m² 2D : women- 88/ men-102

Question 2

normal LV Relative Wall Thickness

Question 3

Relative Wall Thickness (RWT)

Answer 3

RWT = (2 x PWTd) / LVIDd

Question 4

what do you do if 2 or more continguous LV segments are poorly visualized?

Answer 4

use contrast

Question 5

what geometrical assumtions are made for LV when using 3D?

Answer 5

none

Question 6

LVEF eq’n by modified simpson’s biplane

Answer 6

LVEF = LVEDV-LVESV/LVEDV x 100 (D-S/D)

Question 7

In order of highest to lowest mortality name the types of LVH and remodeling

Answer 7

concentric hypertropy > eccentric LVH > concentric remodeling

Question 8

2 equations for SV

Answer 8

SV= LVEDV-LVESV SV= Dlvot2 x .785 x LVOT TVI = LVOT area x LVOT TVI

Question 9

does LV mass predict mortality?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

normal indexed LA volume, severe abnormal?

Answer 10

16-34 ml/m2 >48

Question 11

eq’n for LV fractional shortening, normal number?

Answer 11

FS = LVEDD-LVESD/LVEDD (i.e “D-S/D” w/ diameters) normal > 18%

Question 12

when using Biplane method of discs to calc EF, what do you do when given something about apical correction

Answer 12

nothing, don’t add or subtract it into eq’n at all.

Question 13

how do you calculate WMSI (wall motion score index)?

Answer 13

WMSI = sum of WMI in all segments/# VISUALIZED segments (Nl = 1/HK = 2/AK= 3/DK= 4)

Question 14

can you use TEE to measure LA?

Answer 14

NO!

Question 15

how do you measure Aortic root?

Answer 15

leading edge (outside edge) to leading edge at end DIASTOLE

Question 16

what are the 3 ways to calculate LA volumes and which one is the one, unlike the other two, that underestimates LAV?

Answer 16

1. Area-Length, 2. Simpson’s, 3. Prolate-ellipsoid (understates LAV)