Aortic Valve

Question 1

Diagnosis?

Answer 1

Unicuspid AV

Question 2

most common cusps to fuse in BAV?

Answer 2

R & L

Question 3

Diagnosis of this descending Ao doppler?

Answer 3

Coarctation

Question 4

is family screening needed for BAV?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

Quadricuspid AV leds to more AI or AS?

Answer 5

AI

Question 6

AVA, Mean Grad, velocity associated with severe AS?

Answer 6

<1cm2

>40

>4m/s

Question 7

if your peak velocity across AV is 4m/s but your AVA is 1.5cm2, is it mod or sev AS?

Answer 7

severe. Go with velocity>4m/s.

Question 8

what syndrome is supra-valvular AS associated with?

Answer 8

Williams-Beuren Syndrome (look for hypercalcemia w/ elfin facies)

Question 9

what is 90% of subvalvular AS caused by?

Answer 9

Discrete fibrous mem

Question 10

VC width indicating severe AR?

Answer 10

>6mm

Question 11

RVol, RF, ERO for moderate AS

Answer 11

RVol 30-59 cc

RF 30-49%

ERO .1-.29 cm2

Question 12

PHT indicating severe AR

Answer 12

<250 ms

Question 13

if you place PW sample in flow convergence area (too close to AV), what happens to your calculation of AVA?

Answer 13

overestimates AVA

(PW will show super-high velocities, and it’ll be so close to AV that you’ll see the AV opening/closing)

Question 14

Eq’n for AS dimensionless index and vaue indicating severe AS?

Answer 14

LVOT TVI/AV TVI

<0.25

Question 15

in a dobutamine study, how much should SV increase by? name 4 other endpoints

Answer 15

20%

AVA<1

MG>30

SV plateaus

dobutamine @ 20

Question 16

Diagnosis across LVOT

Answer 16

HCM