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Chem110 > Kinetics > Flashcards

Kinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a first order reaction?

A

The rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant

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2
Q

What is a second order reaction?

A

The rate is proportional to the square of the concentration

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3
Q

How do you calculate rate constant (k)?

A

Rate/(Concentration of reactant 1 x concentration of reactant 2)

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4
Q

What are the units for a zero order reaction?

A

mol L-1 s-1

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5
Q

What are the units for a second order reaction?

A

L mol-1 s-1

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6
Q

What is the differential rate law for a first order reaction formula?

A

ln(R) = ln(R)o -kt

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7
Q

What is the integrated rate law for a second order reaction?

A

1/(R) = 1/(Ro) +kt

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8
Q

What is the half life equation for a first order reaction?

A

t1/2= ln2/k

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9
Q

What is the half life equation for a second order reaction?

A

t1/2 = 1/(Ro)xk

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10
Q

What is the exponential form of the arrhenius equation?

A
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11
Q

What is the formula for calculating activation energy from temperatures and rate constants?

A

Ea= ((k2/k1)xR)/(1/T2-1/T1)

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12
Q

How are temperatures in degrees celsius converted into kelvins for use in the Arrhenius equation?

A

Add 273.15

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13
Q

What is an elementary reaction?

A

A simple step in a complex reaction which occurs in a single collision

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14
Q

What is a heterogenous catalyst?

A

Substance which is not in the same state as reactants that affects the rate of reaction but is unchanged at the end eg Pt in the hydrogenation of alkenes

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15
Q

What is a homogenous catalyst?

A

Substance which is in the same phase as reactants that affects the rate of reaction but is unchanged at the end of the reaction eg. H+ in the hydration of alkenes to alcohols

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16
Q

What is a transition state?

A

A point of maximum energy on the reaction path between reactants and products

17
Q

What is the activation energy?

A

Energy required by the reactants to reach the transistion state

18
Q

What is the arrhenius equation?

A

Gives the relationship for the temperature dependence of the reaction rate constant

19
Q

What is a reactive intermediate?

A

A species formed in one step and consumed in another

20
Q

What is a rate determining step?

A

The slowest step in a reaction mechanism

21
Q

What is an explosion?

A

A reaction which accelerates because the concentration of reactive intermediates increases with time

22
Q

What is autocatalysis?

A

When the reaction product itself is the catalyst for a reaction

23
Q

What is the process to complete the rate law for an overall reaction?

A

Rate law for slow step

Subsitute for intermediate

kK

k1

Chem110 (5 decks)

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