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Ocean Bowl > Missed Quiz Bowl Questions > Flashcards

Missed Quiz Bowl Questions Flashcards

1
Q

When was the first recorded voyage by sea?

A

7250 BCE

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2
Q

The circumference was first accurately calculated by who?

A

Eratosthenes

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3
Q

Who were highly accomplished seamen who participated in exploration and trade in the north Atlantic?

A

Vikings

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4
Q

What European explorer discovered Florida?

A

Juan Ponce de Leon

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5
Q

Who created the first chronometer?

A

John Harrison

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6
Q

Who was the first European to chart the Pacific Ocean?

A

James Cook

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7
Q

What is Charles Darwin known for in relation to Oceanography?

A

Study of Coral Reefs

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8
Q

The Greek word graphia refers to what?

A

The act of recording and describing

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9
Q

The root of a word, -ology means what?

A

The study of

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10
Q

By the 4th century BCE who had traveled as far north as the coast of England?

A

Pytheas

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11
Q

The fetch refers to __________

A

the distance over which wind blows without interruption

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12
Q

Lines of equal temperature are called what?

A

Isotherms

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13
Q

To develop successfully the embryo of pacific cod require what?

A

A narrow temperature range

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14
Q

Most marine fish have cellular fluid with salinity ______

A

Lower than the salinity of sea water

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15
Q

Fresh water fish have body fluids that are _____

A

More saline than the surrounding water

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16
Q

What does SST stand for?

A

Sea Surface Temperature

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17
Q

Primary production in the temperate latitudes varies with ______

A

Season

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18
Q

What is a baby eel called?

A

elver

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19
Q

Do all salmon spawn once and die?

A

No

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20
Q

Are plants primary producers?

A

Yes

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21
Q

Are all animals heterotrophs?

A

Yes

22
Q

Ecosystems operate by exchanging what two things?

A

Energy and matter

23
Q

What bacteria breaks down organic material and causes the absence of oxygen?

A

Anaerobic

24
Q

What are the two principle types of upwelling?

A

Equatorial and Coastal

25
Q

What determines the speed of a fish?

A

Shape, Size, and Build

26
Q

Potential biomass production decreases with increasing _____ in the food chain?

A

Trophic level

27
Q

What is the part of land that touches the sea and changes location with tide?

A

The beach

28
Q

Refraction of waves can result in a decrease of what?

A

Strength

29
Q

Barrier islands are composed of what?

A

Sediment

30
Q

What are estuaries?

A

Region where fresh water meets salt water

31
Q

What are salt wedge estuaries?

A

Estuaries where the mouth of the river directly meets the ocean, creating a sharp barrier between saltwater and freshwater

32
Q

A partially mixed estuary has a weaker what?

A

Halocline

33
Q

Environmental diversity in estuaries favor a what food system?

A

Triphosphate

34
Q

Coral reefs thrive best on what kind of water?

A

Clear, clean water

35
Q

Where do gas hydrates occur?

A

Marine sediments within or beneath permafrost

36
Q

Where do sand and gravel generally occur?

A

Near the shore as terrigenous sediments

37
Q

Where do manganese nodules form?

A

Seabed sediment, often partially or completely buried

38
Q

Do mangrove swamps provide natural protection from storm surges and coastal flooding?

A

Yes

39
Q

Seabird decline in Scotland was a classic example of what?

A

Trophic cascade

40
Q

New Orleans’ hurricane susceptibility is mainly caused by what?

A

Low elevation and human destruction of wetlands

41
Q

Can seaweed grow on the aphotic zone?

A

No

42
Q

The concentration of what ion determines the ph of water?

A

H+

43
Q

Carbon dioxide and water form what?

A

Carbonic Acid

44
Q

What controls the rate at which the oceans absorb CO2?

A

Ocean Acidity

45
Q

Where is salinity the highest?

A

20-23 degrees north and south

46
Q

What increases salinity?

A

Evaporation, formation of sea ice

47
Q

Name the four layers of the atmosphere from lowest to highest.

A

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

48
Q

The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is what?

A

14.7 psi or 1013.25 millibars

49
Q

The Coriolis effect results from what?

A

Lower rotational velocities at higher latitudes

50
Q

What decreases ocean salinity?

A

Precipitation, runoff, rivers, and melting sea ice

Ocean Bowl (23 decks)

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