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Organ Histology Final > Stomach > Flashcards

Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the stomach?

A

Continue digestion of carbs
Storage (primary fxn)
Some nutrient breakdown

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2
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the stomach?

A

Simple Columnar

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3
Q

What are the cells in the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the stomach?

A

Surface Mucous Cells

Regenerative Cells

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4
Q

What is the function of the surface mucous cells of the surface epithelium?

A

Produce thick visible mucus

Secrete bicarbonate ions

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5
Q

Where are the regenerative cells located?

A

Bases of Pits

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6
Q

What kind of tissue is found at the lamina propria of the mucosa of the stomach?

A

Loose, Vascular CT (small amounts)

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7
Q

The muscularis mucosae of the stomach is a smooth muscle layer that is often arranged in what 3 layers?

A

Inner Circular
Outer Longitudinal
Outermost Circular/Oblique

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8
Q

The submucosa of the stomach is highly?

A

Vascular

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9
Q

What is located in the submucosa?

A

AVA

Submucosal Plexus

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10
Q

What is the function of the AVA?

A

Shut down activity and secretion FAST

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11
Q

What is the function of the submucosal plexus?

A

Influence mucosa

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12
Q

How many layers of ME is possible in the stomach?

A

3

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13
Q

What are the possible 3 layers of the ME in the stomach?

A

Innermost oblique
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal

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14
Q

Gastric histology is based on what 3 regions of the stomach?

A

Cardiac
Gastric
Pyloric

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15
Q

What region of the stomach has shorter pits which lead to cardiac glands with a coiled base?

A

Cardiac Region

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16
Q

What cells are located in the cardiac region of the stomach?

A

Surface Mucous
Neck Mucous
Few DNES
Parietal Cells

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17
Q

Are chief cells located in the cardiac region of the stomach?

A

No

18
Q

What are the 3 regions of the gastric glands?

A

Isthmus
Neck
Base

19
Q

What cells are located in the isthmus of the gastric gland?

A

Surface Mucous

DNES Cells

20
Q

What is the function of the surface mucous cells?

A

Protect mucosa from auto-digestion and rougher components of chyme

21
Q

DNES cells are also called?

A

Enteroendocrine Cells

22
Q

What are the examples of DNES cells in the stomach?

A

Type D, EC, G

23
Q

What type of DNES cell produces somatostatin and also inhibits release of hormones by nearby DNES cells and HCL release?

A

Type D

24
Q

What type of DNES cell produces serotonin and substance P and also increases gut motility?

A

Type EC

25
Q

What type of DNES cell produces gastrin, stimulates HCL and pepsinogen secretion, gastric motility and regenerative cells in the body of the stomach?

A

Type G

26
Q

What are the cells found in the neck?

A

Neck Mucous Cells
Regenerative Cells
Parietal Cells
DNES Cells

27
Q

Neck mucous cells produce a soluble, less alkaline mucus whose function is to?

A

Lubricate Gastric Contents

28
Q

Regenerative cells replace what cells types?

A

All

29
Q

Parietal cells are odd columnar cells with?

A

Intracellular Canaliculi

30
Q

Parietal cells produce very strong what that is made of .8pH and buffered immediately to 1-2 pH?

A

HCL

31
Q

What is the function of parietal cells in the neck of the stomach?

A

Necessary for Vit B12 absorption

32
Q

Low number of parietal cells can lead to low amounts of what, which will decrease bit B12 absorption which is necessary for RBC maturation?

A

Intrinsic Factor

33
Q

What cells are found in the base of the stomach?

A

Chief Cells
Parietal Cells
DNES Cells

34
Q

Chief cells live 60-90 days and produce primarily what?

A

Pepsinogen

35
Q

Pepsinogen wil break down?

A

Proteins

36
Q

Gastric lipase is also produced by chief cells to break down?

A

Fats

37
Q

The pyloric region has deeper pits that are very twisted and branched?

A

Pyloric Glands

38
Q

What cells are located in the pyloric region?

A

Surface Mucous Cells
DNES Cells
Parietal Cells
Neck Mucous Cells

39
Q

What is the anatomical sphincter between the pylorus of the stomach and duodenum?

A

Pyloric Sphincter

40
Q

What are the characteristics of an anatomical sphincter?

A

Well developed inner circular layer of muscle in ME

Inner circular layer in ME can be independently controlled

Organ Histology Final (11 decks)

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