Topic 4 - Groups in the Periodic Table

Question 1

which side of the periodic table are metals on?

Answer 1

left.

Question 2

What are the typical properties of metals?

Answer 2

conduct well.

malleable.

Question 3

What are the properties of transition metals?

Answer 3

high melting points.

colourful compounds. (potassium is yellow(sometimes), copper blue etc.)

Question 4

what type of bonds do metals have?

Answer 4

metallic bonds

Question 5

Describe the structure of a metal

Answer 5

regular arrangement of atoms held together by metallic bonds.

sea of free(delocalised) electrons. this is why they are good conductors.

strong bonds mean high melting points and are insoluble.

they allow layers to slide over each other so they are malleable.

Question 6

What is group 1 called?

Answer 6

alkali metals

Question 7

in what way are alkali metal different to other metals?

Answer 7

soft

low melting points

Question 8

How do alkali metal react with water?

Answer 8

vigorously

Question 9

How does lithium react with water?

Answer 9

moves around slowly and fizzes

Question 10

how does sodium react with water?

Answer 10

fizzes rapidly and moves quickly around the surface may ignite

Question 11

how does potassium react with water?

Answer 11

reacts vigorously
burns with lilac flame
possible explosion

Question 12

what does the reaction of an alkali metal with water produce?

Answer 12

hydrogen

Question 13

What is group 7?

Answer 13

The Halogens

Question 14

What is chlorine like at room temperature?

Answer 14

fairly reactive, poisonous, dense green gas.

Question 15

What is bromine like at room temperature?

Answer 15

dense, poisonous, orange liquid

Question 16

What is Iodine like at room temperature?

Answer 16

dark grey crystalline solid

Question 17

what do halogens form when reacted with metals

Answer 17

Metal halides (…bromide …chloride)

Question 18

what do halogens form when reacted with Hydrogen

Answer 18

hydrogen halides

Question 19

What happens to the reactivity as you go down group 7?

Answer 19

it decreases due to weaker forces of attraction because of more shells so it can’t attract electrons as well.

Question 20

are halides soluble?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

What is group 0?

Answer 21

The Noble Gases

Question 22

What are the properties of noble gases?

Answer 22

Inert (unreactive) - full outer shell
Colourless
Gases at room temperature
low boiling points

Question 23

why did it take longer to discover the noble gases?

Answer 23

because they are colourless and inert so you need special equipment to see them

Question 24

how did chemists find the noble gases?

Answer 24

they noticed that the density of nitrogen made in chemical reactions was different to the density taken from air. they hypothesised that nitrogen form air must have other gases in it. they then discovered them through a series of experiments including the fractional distillation of air;

Question 25

What are the uses of the noble gases?

Ar, He, Ne

Answer 25

Argon - used in filament lamps as the argon in non-flammable and inert.
helium - used in balloons less reactive than hydrogen.
Neon - used in lights

Question 26

What are the patterns in the properties of noble gases?

Answer 26

boiling point and density increase as you go down the group.