Chap. 10 - Dementia

Question 1

Dementia - impaired cognition or impaired consciousness?

Answer 1

Impaired cognition

Question 2

The most common type of dementia

Answer 2

Alzheimer’s type

Question 3

The second-most common type of dementia

Answer 3

Vascular dementia

Question 4

Vascular dementia is also known as…

Answer 4

Multi-infarct dementia

Question 5

Development of dementia with HIV is a ___ sign and generally means life expectancy of ___ _____

Answer 5

Bad sign

Six months to live

Question 6

Dementia due to HIV, like Huntington’s disease, is classified as a _____ dementia

Answer 6

Subcortical

Question 7

Pick’s disease is also known as _____ dementia

Answer 7

Frontotemporal

Question 8

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease progresses _____ and is _____

Answer 8

Progresses quickly and is fatal

Question 9

Huntington’s disease, like HIV dementia, is classified as a _____ dementia

Answer 9

Subcortical

Question 10

Alzheimer’s comes on suddenly or gradually?

Answer 10

Gradual onset

Question 11

Post-mortem hallmarks of Alzheimer’s are…

Answer 11

Amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles

Question 12

Vascular dementia results from…

Answer 12

CV disease

HTN

Question 13

HIV dementia manifests by progressive _____ decline, _____ abnormalities, and _____ abnormalities.

Answer 13

Progressive cognitive decline
Motor abnormalities
Behavioral abnormalities

Question 14

HIV dementia may co-occur with _____-_____ disorder, _____ _____ disorder, and _____ _____ disorder

Answer 14

Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder

Question 15

Protease inhibitors will _____ levels of Wellbutrin, most benzos, and SSRIs

Answer 15

Increase levels, causing toxicity

Question 16

Protease inhibitors will _____ levels of Depakote and Ativan

Answer 16

Decrease levels, rendering standard doses subtherapeutic

Question 17

The early stages of Pick’s disease are marked by _____ and _____ changes, while the late stages are marked by _____ changes

Answer 17

Personality and behavior changes early

Cognitive changes late

Question 18

The Kluver-Bucy syndrome of Pick’s disease is marked by hyper-_____, hyper-_____, and _____.

Answer 18

Hypersexuality
Hyperorality
Placidity

Question 19

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, early on, looks like the ___.

Answer 19

Flu

Question 20

Later manifestations of C-J disease include _____, _____, and emotional _____.

Answer 20

Aphasia
Apraxia
Emotional lability

Question 21

Death from C-J disease happens in about __ months.

Answer 21

Six months

Question 22

Huntington’s disease is characterized by choreoathetoid movements, which means _____ _____.

Answer 22

Motor abnormalities

Question 23

Although the Huntington’s patient is stricken with choreoathetoid movements, their _____ remains intact until the late stages.

Answer 23

Cognition (memory, language, and insight)

Question 24

Lewy body disease presentation

Answer 24

Hallucinations
Parkinsonian features
EPS

Question 25

Do NOT treat Lewy body with this drug class:

Answer 25

Antipsychotics

Question 26

Dementia affects about __% of individuals aged 65-85, and about __% of individuals over 85

Answer 26

1.6% from 65-85

16-25% of those over 85

Question 27

The most common dementia is

Answer 27

Alzheimer’s

Question 28

Screening recommendations

Answer 28

Screening is NOT recommended, as there is no treatment

Question 29

Instruments for assessing level of impairment (3)

Answer 29

MMSE
Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ)
Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (BDRS)

Question 30

Amaurosis fugax

Answer 30

Unilateral transient vision loss, described as “curtain over the eye”

Question 31

Three A’s of dementia

Answer 31

Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia

Question 32

Two “down there” causes to rule out

Answer 32

UTI

Syphilis

Question 33

Cognitive symptoms may be stabilized by NMDA Glutamate Receptor Antagonists like

Answer 33

Memantine (Namenda)

Question 34

Cholinesterase inhibitors like _____ (_____) and _____ may help to treat symptoms and slow loss of function but are NOT effective in end-stage disease

Answer 34

Donepezil (aricept) and Rivastigmine

Question 35

Psychosis and agitation in dementia should be treated with

Answer 35

Antipsychotics