3.a. Emergent coastal landscapes form as sea level falls.

Question 1

Climate changes that occurred during a previous time period and that resultant sea level FALL

Answer 1

Cooling climate (glacial period) =

freshwater taken up + locked in ice -> causing eustatic fall (globally)

glaciers form on land -> causing the land to sink from the weight (isostatic subsidence) -> causing isostatic rise + fall on opposite side of land mass (relative change locally)

Question 2

the influence of falling sea levels due to a cooling climate and the geomorphic processes shaping
landforms in emergent landscapes
- raised beaches

Answer 2

Deposited material that is elevated above the current sea level -> and which marks where the level would have reached in the past -> but has now dropped leaving this emergent landform

normally has a relic cliff at the back

Question 3

the influence of falling sea levels due to a cooling climate and the geomorphic processes shaping
landforms in emergent landscapes
- marine terraces

Answer 3

elevated land (normally a wave-cut platform)
-> as a result of a drop in sea level

much larger scale than raised beaches + relic cliffs

Question 4

the influence of falling sea levels due to a cooling climate and the geomorphic processes shaping
landforms in emergent landscapes
- abandoned/ relic cliffs

Answer 4

cliffs that are now above sea level and further inland
-> as a result of a drop in sea level

they may have wave cut platforms infront + may include wave cut notches, caves, arches, stacks + stumps -> all formed due to marine erosion when past sea levels where higher

often small

normally have raised beaches infront

Question 5

the modification of these landforms by processes associated with present climate and sea level changes

Answer 5

• weathering - as land is now exposed above sea level -> weathering such as carbonation and hydrolysis will wear away land (however, depends on rock type)
• As climate has warmed -> more vegetation has colonised landscape = more biological weathering/can’t see much of the land anymore
• Rockfall -> altered shape of fossil cliff -> less steep

Question 6

the modification of these landforms by processes associated with future climate and sea level changes

Answer 6

• If temps continue to increase -> sea level rise will occur = more erosion and land being submerged -> subject to more wave action
• More carbonation could occur as higher temps and more rainfall =more chemical weathering
• More veg could grow = more biological weathering