3.A - religious life - key moral principles of varnashramadharma Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

what do hindus believe about the universe and order and what does it maintain

A

that the universe as a whole is order to maintain cosmic order

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2
Q

what does each person in society have

A

each person has a role to play within society to maintain order

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3
Q

what is the origin of the varna system

A

can be traced back ti the aryan invasion and they devised a system in other to organise the new society created by their arrival

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4
Q

why is it believed that the aryans created the caste system

A

to organise the new society created by their arrival

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5
Q

what could the verb system be related to

A

to distinctions between fair skinned inhabitants of india and those with darker skin and the superiority of the fair - skinned aryans

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6
Q

where refers to the varna system

A

the rig veda

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7
Q

what does the rig veda state about the reason humankind was created

A

humankind being created a=due ti sacrifice of a cosmic being - purusa

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8
Q

how does the story in the rig veda link to parts of society

A

as pursha’s body was divided into 4 to create society - links to parts of body

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9
Q

what was the the original organisation if the caste system based on

A

the original organisation of the castes is natural and bases on the creation and god willed

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10
Q

quote about brahmins and kshatryas and what body part they relate to

A

‘his mouth was the brahmins, his arms were made into kashatriyas’

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11
Q

what does the rig veda state about the way the varnas must be followed and why

A

varna must be strictly followed as the soul climbs the class leader with every birth

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12
Q

what does the varna system also provide other than a social hierarchy

A

also the basic rites and duties of all those who belong to each of the divisions

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13
Q

what happens if all castes performed their functions what would they be seen as

A

if all castes performed their functions to full potential they would be seen as different but equal to echoer

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14
Q

what is the atman born into every varna as

A

your soul or atman is born into every varna as a punishment or reward for karmic influences

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15
Q

what is the purpose of the varnas

A

to maintain rigid social boundaries

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16
Q

what is every varna decided into and why are they called

A

each varna is divided into castes called Jati

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17
Q

what does Jati provide

A

a social hierarchy within a varna

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18
Q

what varnas have a status and which don’t

A

the top 3 varnas have a status and the 4th doesn’t

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19
Q

why doesn’t the 4th varna have a status

A

as they are twice born

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20
Q

what aren’t the shudras allowed

A

to hear the heads read out loud

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21
Q

what can the concept of varnashramadaharma sometimes be referee to as

A

catuvarnashramaharma

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22
Q

what is catuvarnashramaharma

A
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23
Q

what are the 4 varnas

A

-brahmin
-kshatriya
-vaishya
-shudras

24
Q

what is the role of brahmins

A

teach, scriptures and study vedas

25
what is the role of Kshatriyas
protect citizens, children, women, cows, elderly
26
what is the role of vaishyas
protect animals, create wealth and provide things society need
27
what is the role of shudras
service to others, workers
28
what did ghandi believe in and why
ghandi believed in system of varnashramadharma as it allowed people social mobility
29
what does varnashramadharma define
it defines duties for individuals according to their caste and their stage of life
30
what does each varna and ashrama have its own
specified dharma and what may be acceptable to one section of society might be totally unacceptable tp another
31
what caste or varna could be employed to others
only shudras were able to be employed by other the other varnas must be self employed and financially self sufficient
32
what are the duties of shudras
-render service to others -take pride in their work and be loyal -follow general moral principles -to marry
33
what are vaishyas
they are farmer, merchants and business men, they are twice born and they are the productive caste
34
what are the duties of vaishyas
-protect animals and the land -create wealth and prosperity -produce food, clothes etc for the workers -tarde ethically -give taxes to the Kshatriyas
35
who are the ruling class
Kshatriyas
36
what are Kshatriyas
they are warriors, polices, administrators they protect society and are expected to display strength of body and character
37
what are the duties of Kshatriyas
-protect citizens from harm -ensure others perform their dharma and move on spiritually -be first into battle and never surrender -keep their word -accept all challanges -take advice from the brahmin -known the scriptures -ensure an heir
38
what are brahmin
they are priests and teachers, they are the providers of education and spiritual leadership
39
what are the duties of brahmins
-study and teach the vedas -perform sacrifices and religious ceremonies and teach other how to perform rituals -accept and give to charity -offer guidance especially to Kshatriyas -ptovide medical care
40
what are ashrams
the 4 stages of life
41
what are the 4 stages of life
-student stage -householder stage -retired person stage -ascetic stage
42
what happens during the student stage of life
-boy traditionally expected to live away from home and study with a teacher and foster spiritual values.
43
when does the student stage start
begins for members of the upper 3 castes after the ritual of the scared thread when they are reborn
44
what castes can enter the student stage
the upper 3
45
what does the ritual of the scared thread symbolise
this ceremony symbolises the entrance of the boy into hinduism - he would be allowed ro hear the words of the veda
46
what are the duties in the student stage
-studying the vedas and other texts -living a celibate and simple life -serving the guru -learning how to set up and maintain household worship -developing appropriate qualities e'g discipline -understand and perform rituals
47
what happens during the householder stage of life
a man has children, forms a family, establishes himself in a career or job and becomes and active member of his community and expected to ensure that rituals of domestic life are carried out
48
when is the householder stage of lifer entered
when a hindu decides to marry and access family responsibilities
49
what are the duties in the householder stage
-making money and enjoying pleasure in an ethical mannner -performing sacrifice and observing religious rituals -protecting and nourishing family members -teaching children spiritual values -giving to charity
50
what happens during the retired person stage
their household responsibilities will disappear and they are free to meditate on the meaning of life, death and rebirth, may also involve themselves more with Bhakti of a god or goddess and some go on a pilgrimage but sexual relations are forbidden
51
when is the retired person stage of lifer entered
when a man reaches old age and his son has a family and is ready to take over the leadership of the household then he and his wide can retire
52
what are the duties in the retired person stage stage
-devoting more time to spiritual matters -going on pilgrimage
53
what happens during the ascetic stage
they leave their family and live a life dependant on god alone. food must be given or found and they seek spiritual enlightenment and power
54
who can enter the ascetic stage of life
traditionally only men as they exhibit the qualities of brahman
55
what are the duties in the ascetic stage stage
-controlling the mind and senses, fixing the mind on the supreme -becoming detached and fearless, fully dependant as god as protector -becoming aware of the self and of god