3g. Pseudo-strabismus Flashcards
(10 cards)
Q: What is pseudo-strabismus?
A: A condition where the eyes appear misaligned but are actually orthotropic.
Q: What are common causes of pseudo-strabismus in infants?
A: Epicanthal folds and a broad nasal bridge.
Q: How can pseudo-strabismus be differentiated from true strabismus?
A: Using the corneal light reflex test (Hirschberg test).
Q: What is the Hirschberg test?
A: A screening tool for strabismus based on corneal light reflex position.
Q: What is ocular myopathy?
A: A disorder affecting extraocular muscles, often leading to ophthalmoplegia.
Q: Which systemic disease is commonly associated with ocular myopathy?
A: Mitochondrial myopathies, especially chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO).
Q: What is the appearance of pseudo-esotropia in infants caused by epicanthal folds called?
A: Mongoloid slant.
Q: What investigation is used to confirm ocular myopathy?
A: Muscle biopsy or genetic testing for mitochondrial disorders.
Q: What is the most characteristic ocular feature of Kearns-Sayre syndrome?
A: Bilateral ptosis with ophthalmoplegia.
Q: What is the typical age of onset for chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO)?
A: Late childhood or early adulthood.
