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Science > 3rd 9wks Test > Flashcards

3rd 9wks Test Flashcards

0
Q

Describe three jobs that use science

A

Meteorologists – weather
Volcanologists- volcanoes
Ecologists- organisms

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1
Q

Define science

A

The knowledge gained by observing the natural world and drawing conclusions

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2
Q

What are three methods of investigation?

A

Research, observation, and experimentation

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3
Q

What are any use of the senses to gather information?

A

Observations

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4
Q

What are possible explanations or answers to a question?

A

Hypotheses

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5
Q

What is each end of the bar magnet called?

A

A pole

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6
Q

What converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?

A

An electric generator

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7
Q

What occurs when electric current is made by a changing magnetic field?

A

Electromagnetic induction

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8
Q

How do scientists and engineers use scientific methods?

A

To solve problems and create new technology

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9
Q

What is the relationship between electricity and magnetism called?

A

Electromagnetism

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10
Q

Name the steps that can be used in scientific methods

A

Ask, form, test, analyze, draw conclusions, communicate

AFTADC

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11
Q

Define model

A

Something used to show you how something else works or looks like

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12
Q

Explain the difference between a theory and a law

A

A theory explains a phenomenon that’s based on experimentation and law summarizes many experiences and how they work

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13
Q

What products change the organism?

A

Adaptive bioengineered products

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14
Q

What is the application of engineering to living things?

A

Bioengineering

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15
Q

What is a model used to test new technologies?

A

A prototype

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16
Q

What is cost-benefit analysis and why is it important in the engineering design process?

A
  • Cost-benefit analysis is the process of determining whether the cost of doing something is worth the benefits.
  • It is important in the engineering design process because it decides whether a new technology is too expensive to make or not
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17
Q

The length multiplied by the width of an object is the what of the object?

A

The volume = lw

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18
Q

The measure of the amount of matter in an object is the objects what?

A

The mass

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19
Q

What is normal body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit degrees Celsius?

A

98.6°F and 37°C

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20
Q

What is the formula for density?

A

Mass
-➗-
Volume

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21
Q

What tools would you select to find the force needed to move a 1 kilogram object in one minute and 30 seconds

A

Spring scale, stopwatch

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22
Q

Define density

A

The ratio of mass to volume in a substance

23
Q

Define volume

A

The size of a body or region in three-dimensional space

24
Q

What are two units for volume?

A

Cm3 and liters

25
Q

What are two units of mass?

A

Kg and g

26
Q

Define taxonomy and classification

A

Taxonomy is the science of classifying different organisms and
classification is the grouping of different organisms

27
Q

List the eight levels of classification

A

DKPCOF&GS

28
Q

How do Archaea and bacteria differ?

A

Archaea can live in extreme environments but bacteria can’t

29
Q

What is the difference between plants and fungi?

A

Plantae are green and do photosynthesis but fungi don’t

30
Q

What did Linnaeus found?

A

The science of taxonomy

31
Q

Prokaryotes that can cause diseases are in what domain?

A

Bacteria

32
Q

What are the two parts of the scientific name?

A

Genus and species

33
Q

Name five behaviors that help animals survive

A

Hibernation, estivation, migration, defensive action, marking territory

34
Q

List the four steps of natural selection

A

Overproduction, genetic variation within a population (allows strong to live), struggle to survive (many individuals for), and successful reproduction (strong reproduce)

35
Q

What is the relationship between natural selection and reproduction?

A

Natural selection allows only the strongest to reproduce

36
Q

What is pollination?

A

When pollen moves from one flower to another

37
Q

Is coal a renewable resource?

A

No, it’s a nonrenewable resource

38
Q

What is the number and variety of organisms?

A

Biodiversity

39
Q

Why has human population growth increased?

A

Because we have made the world safer so more people survive to reproduce

40
Q

Define exotic species

A

A species moved from its natural habitat into a new one

41
Q

Describe how you could use the 3 Rs to conserve resources

A

Reduce- use less
Reuse- old things
Recycle- paper and plastic

42
Q

What are five kinds of pollutants?

A

Garbage, chemicals, high-powered wastes, gases, and noise pollution

43
Q

Name three properties of magnets

A

Has poles, exerts forces, has a magnetic field

44
Q

How are temporary magnets different for a permanent magnets?

A

Temporary magnets are easier to magnetize but don’t last as long as permanent magnets

45
Q

Explain how electomagnets and solenoids differ

A

Electromagnets have an iron core in the middle of the wire coil but solenoids just have a wire coil

46
Q

What’s the relationship between electric currents and magnetic fields?

A

Magnetic fields can be created using electric currents

47
Q

What makes the armature in an electric motor rotate?

A

A commutator

48
Q

Explain how electric generators and transformers differ

A

Transformers increase the voltage of alternating current and electric generators change the energy from electric to mechanical

49
Q

Kim share a step up transformer with a step down transformer based on the number of loops in the primary and secondary coils

A

Step up transformers have more loops in the secondary coil and step down transformers have more loops in the primary coil

50
Q

Compare the function of an electric generator with that of an electric motor

A

Electric generator transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy and electric motor transforms electric energy into mechanical energy

51
Q

Why are some pieces of iron more magnetic than others?

A

The domains are more lined up*

52
Q

How are bacteria similar to fungi? How are fungi similar to animals?

A

Both bacteria and fungi can live on other things and don’t participate in photosynthesis. Both fungi and animals don’t participate in photosynthesis and usually aren’t green

53
Q

Why is genetic variation important to the survival of a population?

A

So inbreeding doesn’t occur and cause birth defects

54
Q

Why is fresh water renewable?

A

Freshwater is renewable because it can be replaced as fast as it is used. Even if the earth’s fresh water becomes contaminated we can boil salt water to create fresh water, thus creating fresh water as its consumed

55
Q

Explain my rotating either the coil are the magnet in a generator and uses an electric current

A

It crosses the magnetic field lines of the magnet so it electric current is induced

Science (30 decks)

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