4

Question 1

What is the appearance of corneal dystrophy

Answer 1

Bilateral and symmetrical , oval white /grey glittery opacity on the cornea with no vessels

Question 2

Treatment for corneal dystrophy

Answer 2

None needed usually, if severe: low fat diet, cyclosporine

Question 3

What needs to be ruled out with corneal dystrophy

Answer 3

Cushing or hypothyroidism

Question 4

Corneal degeneration

Answer 4

Deposition of lipid and or calcium secondary to some other ocular disease

Question 5

Corneal degeneration can occur secondary to

Answer 5

Chronic topical steroids

Question 6

Lipid keratopathy appears as

Answer 6

White grey glitter appearance and vessels and pigments

Question 7

How do you treat lipid keratopathy

Answer 7

None - low fat diet and cyclosporine

Question 8

What should be ruled out with lipid keratopathy

Answer 8

Cushions or hypothyroidism

Question 9

2 types of corneal degeneration

Answer 9

Lipid keratopathy and calcific keratopathy

Question 10

Calcific keratopathy

Answer 10

Disorder of the cornea that is characterized by deposition of mineral in the cornea

Question 11

Corneal calcification usually appears as

Answer 11

Short spicules of whitish, chalky looking material in the superficial corneal stroma

Question 12

Calcific keratopathy may be primary in

Answer 12

Geriatric dogs

Question 13

How do you treat with calcific keratopathy if severe

Answer 13

3.75% EDTA in artificial tears to chelate the calcium as it can lead to desmetocele formation

Question 14

Corneal edema grayness to the cornea occurring

Answer 14

Secondary to excessive fluid between teh corneal lamellae

Question 15

Corneal edema is caused by

Answer 15

Glaucoma, ulceration, anetrtior uveitis, endothelial dystrophy, or lens luxation

Question 16

Normally edema is prevented by

Answer 16

Endothelial Na K ATP pump and corneal epithelium

Question 17

Endothelial dystrophy

Answer 17

Progressive dysfunction of the endothelial cells

Question 18

Who is predisposed to endothelial dystrophy

Answer 18

Boston terrier, chihuahuas, dachshunds

Question 19

Endothelial dystrophy typically develops in what age

Answer 19

Middle aged and older dogs

Question 20

Primary clinical signs of endothelial dystrophy

Answer 20

Axial or temporal focus of corneal edema that usually prgresses to involve the entire cornea

Question 21

If a bullae ruptures what can it cause

Answer 21

Superficial ulcer that is difficult to heal

Question 22

What can cause endothelial degeneration

Answer 22

Anything that traumatizes, touches endothelium

Question 23

Can endothelial cells replace themselves on cornea

Answer 23

Non

Question 24

If an edema worsens and bulla forms, how do u treat

Answer 24

5% NaCI ophthalmia ointment QID

Question 25

How will the NaCl help the edema

Answer 25

Not take away but reduce it to the point that bullae no longer form

Question 26

Corneal stria

Answer 26

White/gray linear streaks in teh deep cornea that occue due to breaks in descements membrane secondary to glaucoma

Question 27

Corneal stria will result in

Answer 27

Buphthalmia

Question 28

Most common corneal neoplasia

Answer 28

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 29

DX corneal neoplasia

Answer 29

Histopath of biopsy specimen

Question 30

How do you treat corneal neoplasia

Answer 30

Keratectomy + strontium irradiation + cryotherapy

Question 31

Limbal melanoma

Answer 31

Darkly pigmented infiltrative benign tumor at the limbus

Question 32

Limbal melanoma usually located

Answer 32

Dorsal limbus and elevated

Question 33

Limbal melanoma more common in

Answer 33

Large breed dogs like labs or GS

Question 34

Limbal melanoma tends to be more agressive in

Answer 34

Younger dogs

Question 35

How do u TX limba melanoma

Answer 35

Watch, diode laser therapy, sclera graft

Question 36

How does a diode laser help melanoma

Answer 36

Photoablates darkly pigmented tissues

Question 37

Dermoid

Answer 37

Congenital brown to pink mass on cornea with hair growing from it

Question 38

Dermoid may not cause problem until a dog is

Answer 38

6 months to a year age

Question 39

How do you treat Dermoid

Answer 39

Keratectomy, then treat ulcer medically

Question 40

Epithelial inclusion cysts

Answer 40

Clear to yellowish cyst on the corneal surface

Question 41

Epithelial inclusion usually have what type of cells

Answer 41

Desquamated

Question 42

Epithelial inclusion cyst usually has history of

Answer 42

Corneal trauma or surgery

Question 43

Theory of inclusion cyst

Answer 43

Corneal epithelial cells have been driven into the corneal stroma, replicated and created cyst

Question 44

How do you treat epithelial inclusion cyst

Answer 44

Ignore if small, excise

Question 45

Granulation tissues - corneal

Answer 45

Pink fleshy mass occurring secondary to chronic injury - entropy on

Question 46

How do you treat granulation tissue - corneal

Answer 46

Inciting cause, topical steroids

Question 47

Nodular granulomatous episclerokeratitis - NGE

Answer 47

Idiopathic swelling at the limbus made up of fibroblast, lymphocytes, macrophages with Neuotrphls and plasma cells

Question 48

Breed disposition of NGE

Answer 48

Collies and Shellie’s

Question 49

How do you treat NGE

Answer 49

Immunosuppressive , steroids, tacrolimbus, oral azothioprine, excision?