4

Question 1

NSR/Normal sinus rhythm

Answer 1

regular rhythm; 60-100 bpm; upright P waves; PRI 0.12-0.20, narrow QRS

Question 2

Sinus bradycardia versus tachycardia

Answer 2

both have regular rhythm; upright P waves; PRI 0.12-0.20; narrow QRS, however SINUS BRADYCARDIA is less than 60 bpm, while SINUS TACHYCARDIA is above 100 bpm

Question 3

Sinus arrhythmia

Answer 3

irregular rhythm; 60-100 bpm; upright P waves; PRI 0.12-0.20, narrow QRS

Question 4

Premature atrial contraction/PAC

Answer 4

characterized by upright P wave and narrow QRS

Question 5

Atrial tachycardia

Answer 5

regular rhythm; 150-250 bpm; discrete P waves; PRI 0.12-0.20; narrow QRS

Question 6

Atrial flutter

Answer 6

characterized by “sawtooth” pattern on ECG; the number of “teeth” between R waves is described as _: 1 conduction, but if there is no pattern, it is described as variable conduction

Question 7

Atrial fibrillation

Answer 7

characterized by irregular rhythm and non discernable P waves; CVR is 60-100 bpm, while RVR is 100+ bpm

Question 8

Premature junctional contraction/PJC

Answer 8

characterized by inverted P wave and narrow QRS

Question 9

Junctional escape rhythm/JER versus Accelerated junctional rhythm/AJR versus Junctional tachycardia

Answer 9

all have regular rhythm; inverted P wave; PRI of 0.12s or less; narrow QRS, however JER is 40-60 bpm, AJR is 61-100 bpm, and junctional tachycardia is 101-180+ bpm.

Question 10

Supraventricular tachycardia/SVT

Answer 10

regular rhythm; non discernible P wave; narrow QRS. could either be atrial tachycardia or junctional tachycardia, so SVT is used.

Question 11

Premature ventricular contraction/PVC

Answer 11

inverted/no P wave and wide QRS

Question 12

Idioventricular rhythm/IVR versus Accelerated ventricular rhythm/AVR

Answer 12

both have regular rhythm; no p wave; non measurable PRI; wide QRS, however IVR is 20-40 bpm, while AVR is 41-100 bpm

Question 13

Ventricular tachycardia/V-tach

Answer 13

characterized by “gravestone” pattern aka wide QRS; less than 150 bpm is considered slow V-tach, while 250+ bpm is considered V-flutter; if V-tach is 30+ seconds, it is considered “sustained V-tach”

Question 14

Torsade de Pointes

Answer 14

gradual increase and decrease of wide QRS

Question 15

Ventricular fibrillation/V-fib

Answer 15

irregular and chaotic rhythm; no p wave; wide chaotic QRS

Question 16

Ventricular standstill

Answer 16

only p waves