4-6 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Osmosis
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Composition of biological cell membrane
phospholipid bilayer
proteins
cholesterol
Passive/simple diffusion
movement of molecules from a high concentration to low concentration (pass through the membrane on its own)
Facilitated diffusion
the movement of specific molecules across the membrane by channel proteins
Active transport
cells must use energy to transport ,molecules across the cell membrane
Mitochondria
produce energy in the form of ATP for the cell
Chloroplasts
conducts photosynthesis
Endoplasmic Recticulum
transports nutrients from one part of the cell to the other
Golgi Apparatus
manufactures, processes, and transports lipids and proteins to their destination
Lysosome
breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into smaller molecules that can be used by the cell
Smooth ER
produces and moves lipids for the cell (membrane)
ribosomes are free in the cytoplasm
Rough ER
produces proteins for the cell
ribosomes are bound
Catabolic
the breakdown of larger complex molecules into smaller molecules
Anabolic
the build up of smaller molecules into larger molecules
Exergonic
energy is released
Endergonic
energy is absorbed
Cellular respiration
mitochondria
catabolic
exergonic
C6H12O6 => 6O2 + 6H2O
Photosynthesis
chloroplast
anabolic
endergonic
6CO2 + 6H2O => C6H12O6 + 6O2
Juxtacrine
cell signal for cells that are attached or touching
Paracrine
cell signal for cells that neighbor each other
Endocrine
cell signal that is used for cells that have a long distance between them
Autocrine
cell signal that transfers back to the cell that gave the signal
PCR
amplifies specific dna segment
