4 blue and. beyond

Question 1

what is bipolar disorder made up of

Answer 1

cycle of mania followed by depression

Question 2

anhedonia

Answer 2

loss of interest in everything in life, even when trying to do something enjoyable.
a symptom that can be seen in depression patients.

Question 3

psychomotor retardation in (depressive disorder)

Answer 3

behaviorally more slow. walking slower, gestures slower and speech quieter. have more accidents because cannot react or be bothered to react on time. lack of energy and chronic fatigue

Question 4

how long do people need to show depressive symptoms to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder

Answer 4

2 weeks or more of:
- depressed mood or loss of interest in usual activities
- at least 4 other symptoms of depression
- the symptoms have to be severe enough that they interfere with persons daily activities

Question 5

major depressive disorder:
single episode
recurrent episode

Answer 5

single: just one depressive episode
recurrent: 2 or more episodes separated by at least 2 consecutive months without symptoms

Question 6

when ppl experience great pain such as a tragic life event, when do ppl know how to diagnose the person with major depressive disorder or not?

Answer 6

dont diagnose unless the person shows more atypical behaviors such as worthlessness, suicidal thoughts, psychomotor retardation, and severe impairment.

Question 7

complicated grief

Answer 7

shown by 10-15% of ppl that experience a great loss. this can usually last 2-3 years after the loss. person can be faced with regrets, feelings of meaninglessness etc..

Question 8

what is the difference between major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder?

Answer 8

research does not show a meaningful difference and are usually combined. some say persistent ids a less severe form of depression tho and more likely to be comorbid with other mood disorders

Question 9

persistent depressive disorder

Answer 9

previously called dysthymic disorder and chronic major depressive disorder)
depressed mood most of the day for at least 2 years in adults and at least 1 year of depressed or irritable mood in kids and adolescents
diagnosis requires presence of 2 or. more:
- poor appetite
- insomnia or hypersomnia
- low energy or fatigue
- low self-esteem
- poor concentration
- hopelessness
person has to have never been without these symptoms for longer than 2 months

Question 10

8 subtypes of major depressive episodes
(ask tutor if we should know all of these in detail)

Answer 10

anxious distress: prominent anx and dep symptoms
mixed features:
melancholic features
psychotic features
catatonic features
atypical features
seasonal pattern
peripartum onset

Question 11

when should you diagnose major depressive disorder?

Answer 11

5 or more of the DSM symptoms present during the same 2 week period. at least one of the symptoms is depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.

Question 12

what are the main types of depressive disorders

Answer 12

major depressive disorder
persistent depressive disorder
seasonal affective disorder
premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Question 13

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

Answer 13

at least 2 years of fully experiencing and fully recovering from major depressive episodes. usually depressed in winter or when sun is not visible.
also show cases of mild to full blown cases of mania in the summer and are diagnosed with bipolar disorder with seasonal pattern

Question 14

Premenstrual Dysphoric disorder