4. Human Nutrition

Question 1

What are carbs made of

Answer 1

Simple sugars eg. Glucose, sucrose

Question 2

Elements in carbs

Answer 2

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 3

What are complex carbs made of

Answer 3

Smaller units (eg. Glucose) in a long chain

Question 4

Proteins can be broken down to

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

Chemicals in protein

Answer 5

Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 6

Lipids made of

Answer 6

Three Fatty acids and one glycerol

Question 7

Chemicals in lipids

Answer 7

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 8

Test for glucose

Answer 8

Benedicts

Question 9

Test for starch

Answer 9

Iodine solution

Question 10

Test for proteins

Answer 10

Biuret test (sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate)

Question 11

Lipids test

Answer 11

Ethanol and water

Question 12

Balanced diet 7

Answer 12

Carbs, protein, vitamins, minerals, water, fibre, lipids

Question 13

Carbs function

Answer 13

Provides energy

Question 14

Lipids function

Answer 14

Energy store, make cell membranes, insulate and protect organs

Question 15

Protein function

Answer 15

Tissue growth and repair

Question 16

Vitamin A function

Answer 16

Improve vision and keep skin,hair,teeth healthy

Question 17

Vitamin C function

Answer 17

Prevents scurvy

Question 18

Vitamin D function

Answer 18

For calcium absorption

Question 19

Mineral: calcium function

Answer 19

Make bones and teeth

Question 20

Mineral: iron

Answer 20

Make haemoglobin for healthy blood

Question 21

Water function

Answer 21

For chemical reactions to occur and for transport

Question 22

Fibre function

Answer 22

Helps movement of food though the gut

Question 23

Vitamin A found in

Answer 23

Liver 🤢

Question 24

Carbs found in

Answer 24

Pasta, rice, sugar 🍝🍚🍬

Question 25

Lipids found in

Answer 25

Butter, oily fish 🧈🐟

Question 26

Proteins found in

Answer 26

Meat, fish, pulses 🍖🐠

Question 27

Vitamin C found in

Answer 27

Fruits eg. oranges 🍊

Question 28

Vitamin D found in

Answer 28

Eggs 🥚

Question 29

Mineral: iron found in

Answer 29

Red meat 🥩

Question 30

Mineral: calcium found in

Answer 30

Milk, cheese 🥛🧀

Question 31

Fibre found in

Answer 31

Whole meal bread, fruit 🍞🍎

Question 32

What is an enzyme

Answer 32

Biological catalyst in metabolic reactions

Question 33

What is a catalyst

Answer 33

A substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up

Question 34

Monomers

Answer 34

Small molecules that join together to make polymers

Question 35

Elements

Answer 35

Substances made up of one kind of atom

Question 36

Is carbohydrate a polymer or monomer

Answer 36

Polymer

Question 37

Larger, insoluble carbs eg

Answer 37

Starch, glycogen

Question 38

General minerals function

Answer 38

In small amounts for cells to work properly

Question 39

General vitamins function

Answer 39

In small amounts to make body chemicals

Question 40

Enzyme that breaks down lipids

Answer 40

Lipase

Question 41

What is the first part of the small intestine

Answer 41

Duodenum

Question 42

Where are lipids digested

Answer 42

The duodenum (first part of the small intestine)

Question 43

Carbs digestion eg

Answer 43

Starch, glycogen —> glucose, sucrose

Question 44

How do animals store carbs

Answer 44

As glycogen

Question 45

Glucose chemical formula

Answer 45

C6 H12 O6

Question 46

Two things that effect how an enzyme functions

Answer 46

temperature and PH

Question 47

Protein enzyme

Answer 47

Protease

Question 48

What type of molecule are enzymes

Answer 48

Protein molecules

Question 49

What is a substrate

Answer 49

A molecule that the enzyme acts on

Question 50

Enzyme substrate complex

Answer 50

The enzyme and substrate bound together

Question 51

What is the site in the enzyme where the substrate binds

Answer 51

Active site

Question 52

What is a denatured enzyme

Answer 52

When the shape of the active site is permanently changed so the substrate doesn’t fit

Question 53

Carbohydrate enzyme

Answer 53

Carbohydrase

Question 54

What does an enzyme do to a reaction

Answer 54

Lowers the activation energy required in a chemical reaction