4: Muscles Of The Neck

Question 1

Difference between temporal fossa and infratemporal fossa

Answer 1

Temporal: superior to zygomatic arch
Infratemporal: inferior to zygomatic arch

Question 2

Four muscles of mastication

Answer 2

Temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid

Question 3

general innervation to Muscles of mastication

Answer 3

CN V3

Question 4

General innervation to TMJ

Answer 4

CN V3

Question 5

Temporalis O and I

Answer 5

O: temporal fascia and fossa
I: coronoid process of mandible

Question 6

Temporalis N

Answer 6

Deep temporal N

Question 7

Temporalis A (3 parts)

Answer 7

Vertical fibers: elevates mandible
Horizontal fibers: retract mandible
Unilaterally: lateral movement of mandible

Question 8

Masseter O and I

Answer 8

O: zygomatic arch
I: mandibular ramus and angle, deep head also on coronoid process

Question 9

Masseter N

Answer 9

Masseteric N

Question 10

Masseter A

Answer 10

Elevates mandible, protraction, retraction, side-to-side motion

Question 11

Lateral pterygoid O and I

Answer 11

O: greater wing of sphenoid, lateral pterygoid plate
I: neck of mandible, TMJ

Question 12

Lateral pterygoid N

Answer 12

Lateral pterygoid N

Question 13

lateral pterygoid A: bilaterally and unilateral

Answer 13

Bilaterally: protrudes mandible, opens mouth
Unilateral: side-to-side movement

Question 14

Medial pterygoid N

Answer 14

Medial pterygoid N

Question 15

Medial pterygoid O and I

Answer 15

O: maxilla, palatine bone, pterygoid plate, pterygoid fossa
I: pterygoid rugosity, medial mandible

Question 16

Medial pterygoid A (bilateral and unilaterally)

Answer 16

Bilateral: elevates mandible, protrusion
Unilateral: protrusion, medial movement towards opposite side, side-to-side chewing movement

Question 17

Three muscles for mandible elevation

Answer 17

1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Medial pterygoids

Question 18

Three muscles for mandible depression

Answer 18

1. Lateral pterygoid
2. Suprahyoids
3. Infrahyoids

Question 19

Three muscles for mandible protrusion

Answer 19

1. Lateral pterygoids
2. Medial pterygoids
3. Masseter

Question 20

Two muscles for mandible retrusion

Answer 20

1. Temporalis

2. Masseter

Question 21

Three muscles for lateral movement of mandible

Answer 21

1. Ipsilateral temporalis + masseter

2. Contralateral pterygoids

Question 22

Seven prevertebral muscles

Answer 22

1. Posterior scalene
2. Anterior scalene
3. Middle scalene
4. Longus capitis
5. Longus colliculi
6. Rectus capitis lateralis
7. Rectus capitis anterior

Question 23

Where are prevertebral muscles?

Answer 23

Posterior to retropharyngeal space

Question 24

Innervation to all prevertebral muscles

Answer 24

Cervical and/or brachial plexus

Question 25

Posterior scalene O and I

Answer 25

O: posterior tubercles C5-7 I: 2nd rib

Question 26

Action of all three scalene muscles

Answer 26

Flexes neck laterally, elevates rib during deep inspiration

Question 27

Middle scalene O and I

Answer 27

O: posterior tubercles C2-7 I: superior 1st rib

Question 28

Anterior scalene O and I

Answer 28

O: anterior C3-6 TPs I: 1st rib

Question 29

Where are Longus capitis and coli?

Answer 29

Span between vertebral bodies, TPs of cervical vertebrae

Question 30

Where does longus capitis insert?

Answer 30

Occipital bone

Question 31

SCM O and I

Answer 31

O: manubrium, medial 1/3 of clavicle I: mastoid process

Question 32

SCM bilateral action

Answer 32

Flexes neck

Question 33

SCM action when working with neck extensors

Answer 33

Protrudes head

Question 34

SCM unilateral action

Answer 34

Laterally flexes head, rotates ear so it approaches shoulder on same side, turns chil to opposite side, tilting head

Question 35

SCM N

Answer 35

1. CN 11 | 2. C2-4: propriosensory info

Question 36

CN 11 pathway to SCM and trapezius

Answer 36

Exits jugular foramen -> posterior to SCM -> emerges about 1/3 down along posterior margin of SCM to cross posterior triangle -> trapezius

Question 37

Torticollis

Answer 37

Causes head to turn to side + face turns away from affected side

Question 38

Congenital vs muscular torticollis

Answer 38

Congenital: fibrous tumor within SCM in utero Muscular: SCM injured during difficult birth, tearing fibers -> fibrotic mass that affects CN 11