4. Oral Cavity - salivary glands

Question 1

what are the functions of salivary glands?

Answer 1

• Lubrication and binding
• Antibacterial, Enzymatic digestion
• pH regulation, Thermoregulation
• Providing urea for protein synthesis in the forestomach

Question 2

where are major salivary glands located?

Answer 2

further away from the oral cavity compared to minor glands

Question 3

do major salivary glands empty their secretion by long or short ducts?

Answer 3

long

Question 4

what are the 3 major salivary glands

Answer 4

• parotid
• mandibular
• sublingual

Question 5

where are minor salivary glands located?

Answer 5

wall of oral cavity

Question 6

do minor salivary glands have long or short ducts?

Answer 6

short

Question 7

what are the 4 minor salivary glands?

Answer 7

-labial
- lingual
-buccal
- palatal

Question 8

what are salivary glands made up of?

Answer 8

secretory acini and ducts

Question 9

what are acini?

Answer 9

several different types of secretory acinar cells and myoepithelial cells

Question 10

what does serous acinus secrete?

Answer 10

proteins in an isotonic watery fluid

Question 11

what does mucous acinus secrete?

Answer 11

mucin which is a lubricant

Question 12

what happens structurally in a mixed serous-mucous acinus?

Answer 12

serous acinus forms a serous demilune around mucous acinus

Question 13

explain the structure of salivary glands

Answer 13

• composed of lobules of exocrine tubule acinar glands that secret into a duct
• the secretory units merge into intercalated ducts that are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and surrounded by myoepithelial cells
• secretion is mediated by contraction of myopethlial cells the surround acini

Question 14

where is the parotid gland located?

Answer 14

paired gland located ventral to ear

Question 15

what is the parotid gland vascularised by?

Answer 15

branches of maxillary artery and vein

Question 16

what is the parotid gland innervated by?

Answer 16

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 17

where does the parotid gland open to in horses and dogs?

Answer 17

P4

Question 18

horse

Question 19

where does the parotid gland open in cows?

Answer 19

enters oral vestibule opposite upper M2

Question 20

COW

Question 21

where does the parotid ducts drain its fluid into?

Answer 21

buccal vestibule

Question 22

where is the mandibular gland located?

Answer 22

vental to the parotid gland, caudal to the mandible bone

Question 23

what is the mandibular gland vascularised by?

Answer 23

linguofacial artery and vein

Question 24

what is the mandibular gland innervated by?

Answer 24

facial nerve

Question 25

what does the mandibular gland share a capsule with?

Answer 25

sublingual gland

Question 26

what secretory acinar cells does the mandibular gland have?

Answer 26

mixed secretory

Question 27

where does the mandibular gland drain?

Answer 27

sublingual caruncle

Question 28

where is the sublingual gland located?

Answer 28

mucous membrane under the tongue

Question 29

the sublingual gland is composed of 2 portions called what? what species does this not apply to?

Answer 29

monostomatic and polystomatic - horse

Question 30

describe the difference between the monostomatic and polystomach regions of the sublingual gland

Answer 30

- monostomatic is more caudal with a single draining duct - poylstomatic is more rostral with several small ducts

Question 31

what does the sublingual salivary duct run parallel to?

Answer 31

mandibular duct

Question 32

where does the sublingual gland empty?

Answer 32

sublingual caruncle

Question 33

in the horse is the sung lingual gland monostomatic or polystomatic?

Answer 33

polystomatic

Question 34

what do we have to remember with two components of the sublingual gland in cows?

Answer 34

opposite way around, monostomatic more rostral

Question 35

what gland is only found in dogs?

Answer 35

zygomatic gland

Question 36

where is the zygomatic gland located?

Answer 36

medial to zygomatic arch

Question 37

which salivary gland has a clinical significance in the horse that it overlays the guttural pouch?

Answer 37

parotid gland