4. The Periodic Table Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is another name for the columns?
Groups
What have the elements in the group got in common?
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell (similar characteristics)
What do the rows show?
The number of electron shells
What are Group 0 gases known as?
The Noble gasses
Characteristics of Group 0 elements?
Unreactive, their full outer shell makes them stable
What is another word for Group 1 metals?
Alkali metals
Do Group 1 metals get more or less reactive as they go down the Group?
More reactive
Characteristics of Group 1 metals?
Low density, +1 ion formed in an ionic compound
What happens when Group 1 metals when they bond?
They form a white ionic compound, this dissolves in water to form a colourless solution (An OH solution), when indicator is added the solution goes purple
What is formed when Group 1 metal reacts with water?
Hydrogen
Why are Group 1 metals with less shells, less reactive then those with many?
The more shells there are the further the outer electrons are from the nucleus, the weaker the electro-static forces of attraction between the electron and nucleus, and therefore the easier it’s lost.
Characteristics of Transition metals in comparison to Group 1 metals?
They react less vigorously, they are stronger & harder. Higher m.p, b.p & density
What can Transition metals be used as?
Catalysts
Why are Transition metals good catalysts?
They have variable oxidation states i.e. Fe(II+) & Fe(III+)
What are Group 7 elements also known as?
Halogens
What happens as you go down the Group 7 elements?
They become less reactive, the m.p and b.p rises
Why do Group 7 reduce in reactivity as they go down the group?
The more shells it has, the further the electrons are from the nucleus, the weaker the electrostatic forces of attraction are, Due to electron shielding and distance, this means it is harder to gain electrons
What is shielding?
When inner electrons get in the way of the electrostatic forces of attraction between electrons and nucleus, meaning it’s easier to lose electrons and easier to gain them
How does bio-leaching work?
It uses bacteria to separate Copper from Copper Sulfide, bacteria get energy from bond, the leachate (solution produced) contains copper
