Exam 1

Question 1

Complete database

Answer 1

• a complete health history and full physical exam. It describes the current and past health state and forms a baseline against which all future changes can be measured. Yields the first diagnosis. Often completed in a primary care setting.

Question 2

Focused or problem-centered database

Answer 2

Used for a limited or short-term problem; concerns mainly one problem, one cue complex, or one body system. Used in all settings, hospitals, primary care, long-term care.

Question 3

Follow-up database

Answer 3

Used in all settings to monitor progress of short-term or chronic health problems.

Question 4

Emergency database

Answer 4

Rapid collection of the database, often compiled concurrently with lifesaving measures.

Question 5

What makes up a general survey

Answer 5

o The general survey is a study of the whole person, covering the general health state and any obvious physical characteristics. It is an introduction to the physical exam that will follow. It includes: Physical appearance- Age, sex, LOC, skin color, facial features, overall appearance Body structure- Stature, nutrition, symmetry, posture, position, body build/contour Mobility- range of motion Behavior- facial expression, mood and affect, speech, speech pattern, dress, personal hygiene Measurement- Weight, height, BMI, waist circumference Vital signs- temp, pulse, RR, BP, pulse ox, pain, HR

Question 6

When weighing a patient, what are good practices to ensure accuracy?

Answer 6

-Ensure that the patient is wearing the same amount of clothing as the previous day -Weight at the same time every day -Record weight in Kg

Question 7

Palpation

Answer 7

Follows and often confirms points that you noted during inspection. Applies your sense of touch to assessing these factors: temp, moisture, organ location and size, swelling, vibration and pulsation, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, presence of lumps or masses, and presence of tenderness and pain

Question 8

Percussion

Answer 8

Tapping on the persons skin with short, sharp strokes to assess underlying structures.

Question 9

Auscultation

Answer 9

Listening to sounds produced by the body , such as the heart, blood vessels, and the lungs and abdomen.

Question 10

Diaphragm

Answer 10

-high-pitched sounds- breath, bowel, normal heart sounds

Question 11

Bell

Answer 11

soft, low-pitched sounds- extra heart sounds or murmurs

Question 12

Resonant sound

Answer 12

medium-loud, low, clear, hollow, duration moderate

Question 13

Hyperresonant sound

Answer 13

Louder, lower, booming, longer duration

Question 14

Tympany sound

Answer 14

Loud, high, musical and drumlike, sustained longest duration

Question 15

Dull sound

Answer 15

soft, high, muffled thud, short duration

Question 16

Flat sound

Answer 16

very soft, high, a dead stop of sound absolute dullness

Question 17

Proficient nurse

Answer 17

The Proficient nurse perceives situations as wholes rather than in terms of chopped up parts or aspects. Proficient nurses understand a situation as a whole because they perceive its meaning in terms of long-term goals. The Proficient nurse learns from experience what typical events to expect in a given situation and how plans need to be modified in response to these events. The Proficient nurse can now recognise when the expected normal picture does not materialise. This holistic understanding improves the Proficient nurse’s decision making; it becomes less laboured because the nurse now has a perspective on which of the many existing attributes and aspects in the present situation are the important ones.

Question 18

Expert nurse

Answer 18

The Expert nurse has an intuitive grasp of each situation and zeroes in on the accurate region of the problem without wasteful consideration of a large range of unfruitful, alternative diagnoses and solutions. The Expert operates from a deep understanding of the total situation. His/her performance becomes fluid and flexible and highly proficient. Highly skilled analytic ability is necessary for those situations with which the nurse has had no previous experience.

Question 19

Subjective info

Answer 19

what the person says about himself or herself during history taking

Question 20

Objective info

Answer 20

what the health professional observes by inspecting, palpating, percussing, and auscultating during the physical exam

Question 21

Afebrile

Answer 21

Not feverish

Question 22

Hypothermic

Answer 22

Abnormally low body temp

Question 23

Brady cardia

Answer 23

• In an adult a resting heart rate less than 50 beats/min

Question 24

Tachycardia

Answer 24

A rapid heart rate of over 95-100 beats/min

Question 25

Hypertension

Answer 25

Abnormally high blood pressure

Question 26

Hypotension

Answer 26

Abnormally low blood pressure

Question 27

Hyperthermia

Answer 27

Fever

Question 28

Best ways to obtain temp

Answer 28

Rectal temp is the most accurate route to obtain temp.
The dorsum of the hand should be used to take temperature

Question 29

Temperature variances amongst different ages.

Answer 29