Neuro

Question 1

Dexamethasone

Answer 1

Corticosteroid. Reduce or prevent cerebral edema. Addison’s disease. Inc ICP

Question 2

Biperiden

Answer 2

Anticholinergic. Antiparkinsonian agent. Counter extrapyramidal side effects such as head turned to the side, neck arched at an angle, stiffness and muscle spasms in the neck d/t perphenazine. Don’t use with narrow angle glaucoma

Question 3

methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Answer 3

Central nervous system stimulant for ADD, ADHD, and narcolepsy. Do not use- glaucoma, tics or Tourette’s syndrome, anxiety, tension or agitation

Question 4

Dobutamine

Answer 4

Inotropic agent. Emergency only, short term for inc ICP. Causes vasoconstriction and blood circulation throughout the body

Question 5

Norepinephrine (levophed)

Answer 5

Inotropic agent causes vasoconstriction and circulation of blood throughout the body. Used for inc ICP. Emergency only/ short term

Question 6

Phenobarbital (luminal)

Answer 6

Barbiturate induced coma- dec cerebral metabolism. If ICP can’t be controlled through other measures. Long acting tx for seizures

Question 7

Mannitol (osmitrol)

Answer 7

Pulls fluid from brain cells (inc ICP) and filters it out through the kidneys.

Question 8

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Answer 8

Rapid acting tx for seizure

Question 9

Diazepam (Valium)

Answer 9

Rapid acting tx for seizure

Question 10

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 10

Long acting tx for seizure. SE- drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, blurred vision, GI upset, gingival hypertrophy. Don’t drink alcohol. Urine color may change. Gradually dec med don’t d/c abruptly

Question 11

Zolmitriptan

Answer 11

Used to treat acute migraines with or without aura. Does not prevent HA. SE- dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, dyspepsia.

Question 12

Methocarbamol

Answer 12

Skeletal muscle relaxant used to relieve spasms from acute injuries. SE- seizures, dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, anorexia, GI upset, nausea.

Question 13

Meperidine

Answer 13

Narcotic analgesic. Works in the brain and NS to Dec pain. Short term tx of mod to severe pain. Before or during surgery to support anesthesia. Pain relief during LandD. Metabolites of this drug are toxic and can accumulate in the CNS. Don’t take with cholecystitis.

Question 14

Antivert

Answer 14

Anti-vertigo for stapedectomy

Question 15

Topiramate

Answer 15

Anticonvulsant. Prevent migraine. SE- orthostatic hypotension, ocular symptoms can lead to blindness, non-hormonal contraceptives should be used instead of oral