General Anatomy and FCN of oral Cavity Flashcards
XEROSTOMIA
is a ____ and/or _____ of saliva.
It can be ___ or ____, and may be caused by a variety of ___ or ____ _____ or ______, such as _____, _____, or _____.
can lead to problems because saliva helps _____
Xerostomia (or “dry mouth”) is a reduction and/or change in consistency of saliva. It can be real or perceived, and may be caused by a variety of direct or indirect factors or diseases, such as medications, obstruction or damage to salivary glands, or immunosuppression. Dry mouth can lead to problems because saliva helps prevent tooth decay by limiting bacterial growth and washing away food particles.
CARIES
The word caries is derived from the Latin for _____
Caries is an _____ and ____ of tooth structure
caused by ____ ____via the ____ of _____ and other ___ to form ___ and ____.
The word caries is derived from the Latin for “rotten”.
Caries is an infection and destruction of tooth structure
caused by dental plaque via the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates to form lactic and other acids.
SALIVA
Saliva contains components that can directly ______________, and is also rich in ____ and ____ that help _____.
Saliva also enhances your ______ and makes it _____.
In addition, enzymes in saliva
Saliva contains components that can directly attack cariogenic bacteria, and is also rich in calcium and phosphates that help remineralize tooth enamel. Saliva also enhances your ability to taste and makes it easier to swallow. In addition, enzymes in saliva aid in digestion.
ORAL FLORA
_____
They form ______ that adheres to _____ _____ in a ____, or ____ commonly called ____.
Dental plaque causes
The bacteria colonizing the mouth are known as oral flora.
They form a complex community that adheres to tooth surfaces in a gelatinous mat, or biofilm, commonly called dental plaque.
Dental plaque causes tooth decay and periodontal disease is a type of biofilm.
PERIODONTAL DISEASE
Periodontal disease (like dental caries), is an _____ leading to _____ ____ ____ caused by_________.
The basic division in periodontal diseases is between _____ and _____
Periodontal disease (like dental caries), is an infection leading to chronic inflammatory disease caused by bacteria in dental plaque. The basic division in periodontal diseases is between gingivitis (the mildest form, reversible with professional treatment and good home care) and periodontitis (untreated gingivitis extending into the adjacent attachment apparatus).
CLEFT LIP / CLEFT PALATE
Cleft lip/Cleft palate is the most common of all ____ ___, and among the most common of all___ ___
These anomalies result from the
Cleft lip/Cleft palate is the most common of all craniofacial abnormalities, and among the most common of all birth defects.
These anomalies result from the failure of the first branchial arches to fuse.
APTHOUS ULCERS
Apthous ulcer is the technical term for _____, the most ____ and generally ___ ___ ___ ____
Exact cause is ___, but the strongest associations are with ____ ____
Apthous ulcer is the technical term for “canker sores”, the most common and generally mild oral mucosal disorder.
Exact cause is unknown, but the strongest associations are with immunologic abnormality and trauma. (Source
LEUKOPLAKIA
Leukoplakia is a _____ that cannot be ____ and cannot be _____
It is a clinical term without____
Although most leukoplakia patches are _____ (benign), some show
Leukoplakia is a white patch of the oral mucous membrane that cannot be wiped off, and cannot be diagnosed clinically as any specific disease entity.
It is a clinical term without histologic connotation.
Although most leukoplakia patches are noncancerous (benign), some show early signs of cancer. (Source: WebMD, Mayo Clinic)
Why a “systems-based” approach to the biomedical sciences?
- Relevance to clinical sciences and patient care
- More easily integrate evidence-based approach
- Medical/dental histories and basic science
Oral and Systemic Health
T___
S____
F_____
S_____
C_____
S______
Taste
Smell
Food Enjoyment
Salivary Output
Chewing
Systemic Health
Links to systemic Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Pregnancy: toxins from bugs in the mouth
Diabetes: have higher risk for periodontal disease, oral health can affect type twos ability to control blood sugar
Medications: people living longer with chronic disease and on more meds with side effects
Other vulnerable populations
Pediatrics
Geriatrics
Soft issues that relate to overall health and self image of your patients
____
____
____
____ and _____
_____
Esthetics
Halitosis
Self Image
Communication and Presentation
Activities of Daily Living
Oral medicine
Discipline of dentistry concerned with the oral health care of medically-compromised patients … and the diagnosis and non-surgical management of medically-related disorders or conditions affecting the oral and maxillofacial region.
KNOW THIS
Examples of Oral Medicine
Causes:
___ ____ ____ ____
Effects:
____ _____ _____
Causes:
- Systemic infection
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Xerostomia
Effects:
- Bleeding gums
- Caries
- Xerostomia
