4.1 Poverty Flashcards
(8 cards)
define poverty and all its different types
Poverty: A state where basic needs cannot be met. (give eg’s)
Types of Poverty:
Absolute poverty: Inability to afford minimal necessities.
Relative poverty: Not meeting a certain societal standard of living.
Subjective poverty: An individual’s perception of their living standards.
Transient poverty: Results from unfortunate life events (e.g., job loss).
Chronic poverty: An inter-generational cycle.
define Career choice
Means to voluntary pursue and attain an occupation
within any given career given a reasonable
opportunity
What are the factors that influence poverty name some and explain the main 2 in the slides
economic, social and political, international and national factors
- The failings of the political systems and the social forces are identified as the key primary causal factors underlying the poverty problem in most Black countries.
- Ecological forces and power structures influence poverty in SA:
- Race relations in the post-apartheid era
- Disparities in health care services
- Inequalities in education and government policies
Inequality has to do with the Gini coefficient, Race + Poverty and Broad Outcomes, explain this stuff
Gini Coefficient : SA has a very high Gini score (around 63 in 2014), indicating extreme inequality compared to countries like Namibia, Mozambique, Brazil, US. This high inequality has persisted (data shown from 1993-2014).
Poverty and Race: Data from 2006-2015 shows that Black South Africans experience the highest percentage living below the poverty line, followed by Coloured, Indian/Asian, and White populations. Provinces like Gauteng (GP) and Western Cape (WC) had the lowest proportion of adults in poverty.
Broad Outcomes: Unequal access to education, healthcare, infrastructure, etc. This leads to limited skills attainment for labour market participation and income generation, perpetuating a cycle where “the rich get richer, while the poor get poorer.”
how does the education system influence poverty:
Characterized by crumbling infrastructure, overcrowded classrooms, and poor educational outcomes.
Education quality is still dependent on wealth, birthplace, and skin color.
Progression Statistic: Of 100 learners starting school, only 50-60 reach matric, 40-50 pass, and only 14 go to university.
Lower education levels correlate with lower earning potential, hindering escape from the poverty cycle.
Is 30% cooked for a pass mark ?? does it make shit worse???.
Vocational, technical, and career education are highlighted as pivotal for reducing poverty and achieving social equity.
Psychological Impact of Poverty for Career Choice
Daily experience of negative emotions.
Decreased self-esteem, status, confidence, concentration, and overall life satisfaction.
Increased mental ill-health and engagement in risk-behaviors.
Increased social inequality and alienation from civil participation.
Decreased motivation to seek employment.
Participation in the labour market is a leisure afforded to a few
be grateful we can study
Interventions
Career programming and education are mentioned, but career interventions alone cannot fix academic skills deficits.
some interventions merely appeal to volunteerism.
Emphasis is on transforming the educational system to prepare youth for meaningful choices and wealth creation.
Realistic interventions must target fulfilling biological and physiological basic needs first, so people can then address higher-level needs like safety and eventually careers.
