4.1 Summary

Question 1

1933 events

Answer 1

24th March - Enabling act
31st March - 1st Law for the coordination of the Federal States
7th April- Law for the Restoration of a Professional Civil Service
22nd June - SPD outlawed
5th July - Centre party voluntarily disbanded
14th July - Law against formation of new parties
12th November - Nazis win 92 % in November elections

Question 2

1934 Events

Answer 2

30th Jan - Law foe Reconstruction of the Reich
14th Feb - Reichstrat abolished
30th June - The Night of the Long Knoves
2nd Aug - Hindenburg dies
19th Aug - Hitler takes the title Fuhrer

Question 3

Why did Hitler view other political parties with contempt?

Answer 3

Saw them as mere election machines, which represent narrow sectional interest of the nation as a whole

Question 4

Explain how the following parties ceased to exist

Answer 4

KPD - banned after the Reichstag Fire
SPD - Outlawed as a hostile party
Centre Party - Voluntarily disbanded 5th July
DNVP - Voluntarily disbanded 27th June

Question 5

What law was passed to outlaw all non-Nazi political parties?

Answer 5

14 July 1933 - the law against the formation of New Parties outlawed all non-nazi parties

Question 6

Why did the Nazis move Germany away from the federal structure?

Answer 6

Paved the way for the centralisation of power within the whole reich

Question 7

What were the four main laws passed to centralise power?

Answer 7

31st March 1933- First Law for the Co-ordination of the Federal states dissolved the existing state assemblies and replaced them with Nazi-dominated assemblies
7th April 1933- The second Law for the co-ordination of Federal states created the new post of Reich Governor to oversee the government of each state
30th Jan 1934- Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich, state assemblies abolished, took centralisation further
14th Feb 1934- Reichstrat abolished

Question 8

Give two methods the Nazis used to control local goverments

Answer 8

Nazis instituted violent campaigns to oust political opponents from local positions

Nazi leaders took over the roles of Reich governors within their areas

Question 9

How was the civil service dismantled

Answer 9

Many local officials were forced to resign and were replaced by Nazi Party appointees. Nazi SA replaced Party officials in government office to ensure that civil servants were carrying out the orders of the regime

Question 10

How many members did the SA have by the beginning of 1934

Answer 10

3 million

Question 11

What had they gained, apart from members, since the NSDAP took power?

Answer 11

legal authority

Question 12

Why were the SA no longer as important after Hitler started leading the country as chancellor

Answer 12

No more political threats

Question 13

Give three reasons why the Night of the Long Knives took place

Answer 13

1. ambitions of the SA and its leader, Rohm were regarded as a serious threat by army leaders
2. Eliminate political opponents
3. Secure the army’s support

Question 14

How many died in the violence?

Answer 14

84 executed, close to 1000

Question 15

Who was the most significant member to be killed?

Answer 15

Ernst Rohm

• leader of the SA
• close ally, old friend of Hitler’s

Question 16

How did Hitler justify his approach to the Reichstag on 13th July 1934?

Answer 16

He was saving the country from an SA coup

Question 17

Name three reasons why Hindenburg was still important in the lead up to his death?

Answer 17

1. Army owed allegiance to Hindenburg, not Hitler
2. Army could remove Hitler
3. Hindenburg had considered handing power to the army, not Hitler after fears of the SA

Question 18

What happened after Hindenburg died to secure Hitler as Fuhrer? Name three developments

Answer 18

1. Army swore allegiance to Hitler
2. 19th August, Hitler takes the title of Fuhrer
3. 89.9% of people approved of Hitler as President

Question 19

Summarise Hitlers rise to power by doing a 10 step timeline of events

Answer 19

The Treaty Of Versailles - 1919
Munich Putsch - 8-9th November 1923
Mein Kampf
The Great Depression October 1929
The Reichstag fire/Decree 27th Feb/28th
Dachau - First concentration camp 22nd March 1933
The enabling act - 24th March 1933
The Night of The Long Knives - 30th June 34
2nd August 1934 - Hindeburg’s death
19th August 1934 - Fuhrer with an army that has swore their allegiance to Hitler