4.1 What Is Matter?

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and volume

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

The basic building block of all matter

-smallest unit of matter still retaining the properties of an element

Question 3

Categories of Matter

Answer 3

-Mixture (Homogeneous, Heterogeneous)
Physical Techniques
-Pure Substances (Compounds [Chemical Reactions] Elements)

Question 4

Physical Combination

Answer 4

A mixture of different substances that do not chemically react with one another

Question 5

Pure Substance

Answer 5

A form of matter that has a constant composition and constant properties throughout a sample

Question 6

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 6

A mixture consisting of visibly different substances

Question 7

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 7

A mixture that appears uniform throughout

-often referred to as solutions

Question 8

Element

Answer 8

A pure substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 9

Compounds

Answer 9

Pure substances that are made up of more than one type of atom
-fixed ratio

Question 10

Molecule/Ion

Answer 10

The smallest particle of a compound

Question 11

Three Types of Elements

Answer 11

• metal
• nonmetal
• metalloid

Question 12

Metalloids

Answer 12

• Boron (B)
• Silicon (Si)
• Germanium (Ge)
• Arsenic (As)
• Antimony (Sb)
• Tellurium (Te)

Question 13

Nine Elements Whose Symbol Comes from Latin

Answer 13

sodium (Na), potassium (K), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), iron (Fe), antimony (Sb), mercury (Hg)

Question 14

Na

Answer 14

Sodium

Latin: Natrium

Question 15

K

Answer 15

Potassium

Latin: Kalium

Question 16

Pb

Answer 16

Lead

Latin: Plumbum

Question 17

Cu

Answer 17

Copper

Latin: Cuprum

Question 18

Ag

Answer 18

Silver

Latin: Argentum

Question 19

Au

Answer 19

Gold

Latin: Aurum

Question 20

Fe

Answer 20

Iron

Latin: Ferrum

Question 21

Sb

Answer 21

Antimony

Latin: Stibium

Question 22

Hg

Answer 22

Mercury

Latin: Hydroargentum

Question 23

The Law of Constant Composition

Answer 23

The ratio by mass of the elements in a compound is always the same, regardless of the source of the compound.

Question 24

Composition of Pure Water

Answer 24

88. 8% oxygen

11. 2% hydrogen

Question 25

Two Types of Compounds

Answer 25

• ionic

- molecular

Question 26

Ionic Compounds

Answer 26

Consist of positive metal ion and negative nonmetal ion

-opposite charges must add up to zero

Question 27

OH-

Answer 27

Polyatomic ion hydroxide