4.10 Managing water-related disease

Question 1

Water-bred disease

Answer 1

the carrier breeds in water and spreads the disease by biting its victims.

Question 2

Example of water-bred disease

Answer 2

Example: malaria, symptons are fever,headaches, nausea, body ache

Question 3

describe the life cycle of the malaria parasite (infected mosquito bites uninfected human)

Answer 3

• infected mosquito bites uninfected human
• Malaria parasite carried by mosquitoes
• mosquitoes are vectors, specifically the female/ anopheles mosquito
• Mosquito feeds on human blood and the blood can carry the plasmodium parasite that causes malaria
• In human Pasmodium parasire gets into liver cells where it multiplies and make cells burst

Question 4

describe and evaluate strategies to control
malaria

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Answer 4

• Use of antimalarial drugs
• mosquito nets
• spraying water with oil
• wear cloths that covers the body
• control moquito with pesticides
• removal of stagnant water
• application of oil to water souces
• use vaccinations
• educate people on the risks of malaria by setting up campaigns and prgrammes

Question 5

Water-borne disease:

Answer 5

spread by consuming contaminated water due to poor sanitation and untreated sewage, or by washing food, pots and pans, or hands and face in dirty water.

Question 6

Examples of water-borne disease

Answer 6

Examples: cholera and typhoid.

Question 7

Cholera:

Answer 7

intestinal infection that caused by vibrio cholerae and causes severe diarrhoea that may lead to dehydration and eventually death.

Question 8

Why is it difficult to control malaria

Answer 8

• remoteness of population
• lack of money for control methods
• lack of health care
• lack of awareness amongst population
• resistence to antimalarial drugs
• areas with lots of stagnant water present

Question 9

How cholera is spread from one person to another?

Answer 9

Can be caused by
* infective bacterium, vibrio cholerae
* person infected with bacterium;
* sewage from infected person leaked into water supply;
* water supply contaminated;
* people drink contaminated water;

Question 10

Strategies to control cholera

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Answer 10

• Ensure that sewage and drinking water are kept separate;
• Sewage removed directly into a treatment works;
• Water being treated before it’s delivered into homes;
• Do not use contaminated water to wash food;
• Hands should be washed after contact with any faecal material;
• Boiling water and chlorination