First Aid, Chapter 2 Cells Involved in Immune Responses, Basophils Flashcards

1
Q

What are the least common circulating granulocytes?

A

Basophils

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2
Q

What are basophils important in?

A

They are important in the late phase of IgE-mediated disease.

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3
Q

Describe basophils nuclei. How big are they?

A

Have bilobed nuclei and are 10–14μm in size.

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4
Q

Where do basophils mature?

A

bone marrow

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5
Q

Where are basophils predominantly found?

A

Found primarily circulating in blood; also in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from late-phase reactions.

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6
Q

What cytokine is important for basophil expansion/differentiation? What receptor is found on the basophil related to this cytokine?

A

Have CD123 (IL-3 receptor) and IL-3 is important for their expansion/differentiation.

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7
Q

What mediators do basophils release

A

Release preformed mediators (

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8
Q

What mediators do basophils release 10-30 minutes after activation?

A

Produce and release lipid-derived mediators (~10–30 minutes) after activation via the arachidonic acid pathway responsible for late allergic reactions (e.g. LTC4).

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9
Q

What mediators do basophils release minutes to days after activation?

A

Produce and release cytokines and chemokines (minutes to days) (e.g. IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, GM-CSF, TNFα, MCP-1, MIP-1α, RANTES (CCL-5), and PAF).

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10
Q

Compared to mast cells, which mediators do basophils produce little to none of?

A

Unlike mast cells, basophils do not produce (or produce very little) tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase, heparin, PGD2, and LTB4.

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