lecture 6

Question 1

location of B3 receptors

Answer 1

fat cells (for lipolysis)

Question 2

location of D1 receptors

Answer 2

smooth mm (dilation of renal bv)

Question 3

function of B2 receptors in the liver, skeletal mm

Answer 3

liver- activate glycogenolysis

skeletal mm- K uptake

Question 4

affinity of epinephrine for adrenergic receptors

Answer 4

a1 = a2, B1 = B2

Question 5

dose dependent effects of epinephrine

Answer 5

low dose- mostly B effects

high dose- mostly a effects

Question 6

rate limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis

Answer 6

tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 7

4 enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis

Answer 7

tyrosine hydroxylase
dopa decarboxylase
B-hydroxylase
PNMT

Question 8

receptor affinity for norepinephrine

Answer 8

a1 = a2, B1 > B2

Question 9

due to its ability to increase PVR, norephinephrine has a tendency to cause:

Answer 9

reflex bradycardia

Question 10

which catecholamine is known to cause a widened pulse pressure?

Answer 10

epinephrine

Question 11

dose dependent actions of dopamine

Answer 11

low dose = D1
medium dose = D1 + B1
high dose = D1 + B1 + a1

Question 12

what enzymes metabolize catecholamines?

Answer 12

MAO and COMT

Question 13

effects of isoproterenol

Answer 13

increases force and rate of contraction (B1)

vasodilation (B2)

Question 14

what is the primary use of dobutamine?

Answer 14

acute, life threatening heart failure

Question 15

receptor affinity of dobutamine

Answer 15

B1 > B2&raquo_space;» a

Question 16

2 uses for terbutaline

Answer 16

B2 agonist
PO for asthma (bronchodilation)
IV to delay premature labor

Question 17

Phenylephrine

Answer 17

a-agonist
IV form- hypotension and shock
PO form- nasal decongestant

Question 18

prone to the development of tachyphylaxis

Answer 18

oxymetazoline

Question 19

clonidine

Answer 19

a2 agonist
used to treat HTN, drug withdrawal sx
abrupt w/d of med = hypertensive emergency

Question 20

methyldopa

Answer 20

a2 agonist, used for HTN in pregnancy

Question 21

MOA of amphetamines

Answer 21

indirect acting adrenergic agonists

increase release of NE and dopamine from presynaptic vesicles

Question 22

MOA of cocaine

Answer 22

indirect acting adrenergic agonist

decreases reuptake by blocking NET and DAT

Question 23

high tyramine levels result in:

Answer 23

increased NE release that can lead to hypertensive crisis

Question 24

MOA of pseudo ephedrine

Answer 24

mixed acting (a and B) agonist 
used in the treatment of nasal congestion and stress incontinence

Question 25

who should avoid using pseudo ephedrine

Answer 25

those with HTN and cardiomyopathy

Question 26

MOA of phenoxybenzamine

Answer 26

non-competitive, irreversible a antagonist (a1>a2)

used for the treatment of pheo

Question 27

MOA of phentolamine

Answer 27

competitive, reversible a antagonist

used for pheo and also to reverse inadvertent injection of epi

Question 28

main side effect of a1 antagonists

Answer 28

1st dose syncope

Question 29

what is special about tamsulosin

Answer 29

targets a1A receptor subtype that is found in the prostate, so does not have same hypotensive effects

Question 30

which B-blocker has the highest lipid solubility

Answer 30

propanolol

Question 31

4 non-selective Bblockers

Answer 31

propanolol, nadolol, timolol, pindolol

Question 32

use nonselective BB cautiously in what patients?

Answer 32

asthma

diabetes

Question 33

BB used topically to treat glaucoma

Answer 33

timolol

decreases aqueous humor production

Question 34

which BB is IV only and used frequently in hospitals

Answer 34

esmolol

Question 35

2 drugs that are a and B blockers

Answer 35

labetolol and carvedilol