Spinal Cord Injury Terminology

Question 1

Agnosia

Answer 1

inability to interpret information

Question 2

Agraphesthesia

Answer 2

inability to recognize symbols, letters or numbers traced on skin

Question 3

Agraphia

Answer 3

inability to write due to lesion in brain, usually seen in combo with aphasia

Question 4

Aphasia

Answer 4

inability to communicate/comprehend dur to damage to specific areas of brain

Question 5

Apraxia

Answer 5

inability to perform purposeful learned movements/activites, even though NO sensory/motor impairment to hinder completion of task

Question 6

Astereognosis

Answer 6

inability to recognize objects via touch

Question 7

Body Schema

Answer 7

having an understanding of the body as a hole and the relationship of its parts to the whole

Question 8

Constructional Apraxia

Answer 8

inability to reproduce geometric figures/designs- person often unable to visually analyze how to perform task

Question 9

Decerebrate Rigidity

Answer 9

characteristic of corticospinal lesion @ level of brainstem, results in extension of trunk and all extremities

Question 10

Decorticate rigidity

Answer 10

characteristic of corticospinal lesion @ level of diencephalon where trunk/ LE are positioned in ext while UE are positioned in flex

Question 11

Diplopia

Answer 11

double vision

Question 12

Dysrthria

Answer 12

slurred/impaired speech due to motor deficit of tongue/other speech muscles

Question 13

Dysphagia

Answer 13

inability to properly swallo

Question 14

Emotional Lability

Answer 14

characteristic of right hemisphere infarct- inability to control emotions, presents as outbursts of laughing/crying that are inconsistent with situation

Question 15

Fluent Aphasia

Answer 15

characteristic of receptive aphasia- speech produces functional output regarding articulation, but lacks content & typically is dysprosodic (affecting the frequency, rhythm, and melody of the voice in such a way that it sounds like the person is speaking with a foreign accent) using neologistic jargon (any speech which is unintelligible)

Question 16

Hemiparesis

Answer 16

weakness on one side of the body

Question 17

Hemiplegia

Answer 17

paralysis on one side of the body

Question 18

Homonymous Hemianopsia

Answer 18

loss of right/left half of field of vision in both eyes

Question 19

Ideational Apraxia

Answer 19

inability to formulate initial motor plan & impaired sequencing of tasks where proprioception input is necessary for movement

Question 20

Ideomotor Apraxia

Answer 20

person can plan movement/task, cannot volitionally perform it- automatic movement may still occur, but pt cannot perform additional movement on command

Question 21

Non-fluent Aphasia

Answer 21

expressive aphasia: speech is non-functional, effortful, contains paraphasias, writing is also impaired

Question 22

Nystagmus

Answer 22

abnormal eye movement: non-volitional, rhythmic oscillation of eyes- speed is typically faster in one direction, origin is congenital/acquired

Question 23

Perseveration

Answer 23

state of repeatedly performing same segment of task/ repeating same word/phrase without purpose

Question 24

Syngery

Answer 24

primitive mass movement patterns coupled with spasticity due to brain damage

Question 25

Unilateral neglect

Answer 25

inability to interpret stimuli/events on contralateral side of hemispheric lesion: left-sided is most common w/ lesion to right inferior parietal/superior temporal lobes

Question 26

Vertigo

Answer 26

sensation of movement/rotation of self/surrounding environment- may have peripheral or central origins