41.3 oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus

Question 1

oral cavity

Answer 1

mouth

• initial ingestion
• —mechanical: teeth
• —chemical: saliva

Question 2

saliva

Answer 2

• initiates chemical digestion and
• protects oral cavity

—–AMYLASE- enzyme: hydrolyzes starch and glycogen into smaller polysaccharides & disaccharides
—–MUCIN- glycoprotein: protects lining of mouth fro abrasion & lubricates food for easy swallowing
——BUFFERS: prevent teeth decay by neutralizing acid
antibacterial agents
——TONGUE: taste food, shapes it into a bolus (ball) , pushes the bolus into the pharynx

Question 3

amylase

Answer 3

enzyme: hydrolyzes starch and glycogen into smaller polysaccharides & disaccharides

Question 4

mucin

Answer 4

glycoprotein: protects lining of mouth fro abrasion &

- lubricates food for easy swallowing

Question 5

buffers

Answer 5

prevent teeth decay by neutralizing acid & has

antibacterial agents

Question 6

tongue

Answer 6

taste food, shapes it into a bolus (ball) , pushes the bolus into the pharynx

Question 7

pharynx leads to

Answer 7

• esophagus: food-> stomach
• trachea: air -> lungs

(epiglottis - flap of cartilage that blocks the glottis (trachea) )

Question 8

esophagus muscle

Answer 8

striated and smooth muscle

-peristalsis moves food down the esophagus