Ch. 4 Test

Question 1

Governments usually vary by _________.

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

Describe a unitary system.

Answer 2

gives all key power to the national or central government

Question 3

Describe the federal system.

Answer 3

divides power between state and national government

Question 4

Describe an autocracy.

Answer 4

ruled by one person and is the oldest and most common form of government

Question 5

Describe a totalitarian dictatorship and give an example.

Answer 5

one person controls all aspects of life (Adolf Hitler)

Question 6

Describe an absolute monarchy and give an example.

Answer 6

complete and unlimited rule over their people (Saudi Arabia) and is rare today

Question 7

Describe an oligarchy and list an example.

Answer 7

ruled by few (China)

Question 8

What is a Democracy?

Answer 8

ruled by the people

Question 9

What does “democracy” mean?

Answer 9

“demos” is Greek for “people”

“kratia” is Greek for “rule”

Question 10

Describe a direct democracy and list an exapmle.

Answer 10

the people directly decide on issues (no representatives)

nonexistent today

Question 11

What is a republic (list an example)?

Answer 11

voters elect major officials (USA)

Question 12

What are the three economic decisions?

Answer 12

1. ) What and how many goods and services should be produced?
2. ) How should they be produced?
3. ) Who gets the goods and services provided?

Question 13

Describe a traditional economy.

Answer 13

habit and customs determine rules (what’s good for ancestors is what’s good for you!)

Question 14

What is a market economy?

Answer 14

individuals and private groups make decisions about what to produce and the people choose what to buy

Question 15

What is free enterprise/ capitalism?

Answer 15

the idea that private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses to make a profit

Question 16

Describe a mixed economy.

Answer 16

where the government supports and regulates free enterprise to keep competition fair

Question 17

What is a command economy?

Answer 17

the government owns or directs the means of productiona and controls the distribution of goods

Question 18

What are the three main goals of socialism and communism ?

Answer 18

1. ) equal distribution fo wealth and economic opportunity
2. ) society controls, through its government, of all major decisions about production
3. )public ownership of most land, factories, and other means of production

Question 19

What is free trade?

Answer 19

no barriers on trade

Question 20

What countries in North America practice free trade?

Answer 20

US, Mexico, Canada (NACTA-North America Free Trade Association)

Question 21

Does Europe practice free trade? Explain.

Answer 21

????????

Question 22

Explain communism and some disadvantages about it.

Answer 22

requires strict government control of almost the entire society and economy (Russia). This could result in an economic decline because the consumers will not get the products they want

Question 23

Describe socialism.

Answer 23

an economic system that allows wider range of free enterprise alongside government-run activities

Question 24

There are around _____ countries today/

Answer 24

200