1a nomenclature

Question 1

symptom

Answer 1

subjective indication of disease

Question 2

sign

Answer 2

objective indication of disease

Question 3

pain

Answer 3

discomfort as described by patient

Question 4

tenderness

Answer 4

discomfort observed by clinician as a result of contact insufficient to cause discomfort in normal tissues

Question 5

xerostomia

Answer 5

subjective feeling of dryness

Question 6

hyposalivation

Answer 6

objective dryness noted by clinician

Question 7

clinical findings

Answer 7

number
size
location
color
morphology
shape
consistency

Question 8

pallor

Answer 8

abnormal paleness of mucosa

Question 9

erythema

Answer 9

abnormal redness of mucosa

Question 10

erythroplakia

Answer 10

red patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease

Question 11

leukoplakia

Answer 11

white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease

Question 12

consistency

Answer 12

fluctuant
firm
unyielding

Question 13

elevated

Answer 13

above the plane of mucosa

Question 14

flat

Answer 14

• even with the plane of mucosa

- detectable by change in color

Question 15

depressed

Answer 15

below the plane of mucosa

Question 16

elevated fluid filled lesions -blisterform

Answer 16

serous, mucous, hemorrhagic, purulent (hematoma + pustule)

Question 17

elevated solid lesions (nonblisterform)

Answer 17

plaque
papule
nodule
tumor

Question 18

flat lesions

Answer 18

macule

depapillated lesion of dorsal tongue

Question 19

depressed lesions

Answer 19

ulcers
pits
scars

Question 20

papule

Answer 20

small circumscribed lesion

Question 21

nodule

Answer 21

large
circumscribed lesion 
>.5 cm
in diameter
elevated or protrudes above the surface of the surrounding normal tissue

Question 22

vesicle

Answer 22

small elevated fluid filled lesion

Question 23

bulla

Answer 23

large elevated fluid filled lesion > .5cm in diameter

Question 24

hematoma

Answer 24

vesicle or bulla filled with blood

Question 25

pustule

Answer 25

vesicle or bulla filled with pus

Question 26

plaque

Answer 26

broad, flat, raised lesion

Question 27

lobule

Answer 27

a segment or lobe that is part of a whole

Question 28

sessile

Answer 28

base of a lesion that is flat or broad

Question 29

pedunculated

Answer 29

describes the base of a lesion which is stem-like or stalk like

Question 30

papillary

Answer 30

showing fingerlike surface projections

Question 31

verrucous

Answer 31

showing broad surface projections

Question 32

macule

Answer 32

discrete, flat area distinguished by a color different from that of the surrounding tissue

Question 33

ulcer

Answer 33

lesion in which the overlying epithelium has been lost, covered in part in total by fibrin membrane

Question 34

ulceration

Answer 34

process in which an ulcer develops

Question 35

eroded/atrophic lesion

Answer 35

lesion in which the overlying epithelium has been thinned

Question 36

erosion/atrophy

Answer 36

process in which an eroded lesion develops

Question 37

fissure

Answer 37

cleft or groove

Question 38

coalesce

Answer 38

fuse multiple parts into a larger whole

Question 39

well circumscribed

Answer 39

margins and extent are clearly defined

Question 40

poorly circumscribed

Answer 40

lesion whose margins and extent are ill- defined

Question 41

irregular borders

Answer 41

lesion whose margins are jagged may or may not be well-defined

Question 42

radiolucent

Answer 42

black or dark areas on a radiograph

Question 43

radiopaque

Answer 43

light or white areas on a radiograph

Question 44

unilocular

Answer 44

radiolucent lesion with one well-defined compartment

Question 45

multilocular

Answer 45

radiolucent lesion with more than one well defined compartment

Question 46

poorly circumscribed

Answer 46

lesion with margins that blend into the adjacent normal tissue

Question 47

corticated

Answer 47

radiolucent lesion with a radiopaque border

Question 48

hyperostotic

Answer 48

thin border

Question 49

sclerotic

Answer 49

wide border

Question 50

resoprtion

Answer 50

blunt vs. spiking

Question 51

radiographic ground glass

Answer 51

fibrous dysplasia

Question 52

radiographic cotton wool

Answer 52

paget disease

Question 53

radiographic sunburst

Answer 53

osteosarcoma

Question 54

onion-skin

Answer 54

proliferative periostitis

Question 55

tumor

Answer 55

new growth

Question 56

neoplasm

Answer 56

monoclonal celluar proliferation

Question 57

oncology

Answer 57

study of neoplasms

Question 58

benign

Answer 58

localized growth, often encapsulated, may be locally agressive, but INcapable of metastasis

Question 59

malignant (cancer)

Answer 59

lesion which may invade and destroy surrounding tissues and is capable of spread to distant sites

Question 60

benign tumors

Answer 60

adding suffix “oma” to cell type toward which tumor differentiates

Question 61

malignant tumors

Answer 61

adding carcinoma (epithelial tumors) or “sarcoma” (mesenchymal tumors) to cell type towrad which tumor differntiates

Question 62

benign epithelial tumors

Answer 62

prefix + oma= papilloma

Question 63

benign glandular differentiation

Answer 63

prefix + adenoma

(pleomorphic adenoma)

Question 64

malignant epithelial tumors

Answer 64

prefix + carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma)

Question 65

glandular differentiation

Answer 65

prefix + adenocarcinoma (basal cell adenicarcinoma)

Question 66

exception of oncology nomenclature

Answer 66

epithelial mesenchymal (mixed) tumors

• ameloblastic fibroma
• carcinosarcoma

Question 67

benign sounding malignancies

Answer 67

melanoma
lymphoma
plasmacytoma
mesothelioma

Question 68

benign mesenchymal tumors

Answer 68

prefix + oma (lipoma)

Question 69

malignant mesechymal tumors

Answer 69

prefix + sarcoma (liposarcoma)