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Lab Exam 4 > 4.2 > Flashcards

4.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Air enters the______ where it is warmed, filtered and humidified

A

nasal cavity

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2
Q

The _____ is a region of the respiratory tract that is shared with the digestive system

A

pharynx

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3
Q

The ____ contains the vocal folds necessary for sound production.

A

larynx

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4
Q

The _____ is found in the neck and upper portion of the thorax

A

trachea

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5
Q

The ______ is an unpaired cartilage that covers the laryngeal opening during swallowing.

A

epiglottis

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6
Q

The ____ is a bone that allows for skeletal muscle attachment.

A

hyoid

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7
Q

The ______ is the largest cartilage in the larynx.

A

thyroid cartilage

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8
Q

The ______ is the only cartilage of the respiratory tract that is a complete ring

A

cricoid cartilage

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9
Q

The ______ are 13-15 C-shaped cartilage rings.

A

tracheal cartilage

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10
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: Diaphragm moves superiorly

A

expiration

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11
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: ribs move down and in

A

expiration

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12
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: decrease in width of thorax

A

expiration

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13
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: internal intercostals contract

A

expiration

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14
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: diaphragm moves inferiorly

A

inspiration

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15
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: ribs move up and out

A

inspiration

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16
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: external intercostals contract

A

inspiration

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17
Q

Is the following expiration or inspiration: thorax increases in volume

A

inspiration

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18
Q

Put the structures of the lower respiratory tract in order, following the path air takes during inhalation.

A

Trachea—>Main bronchi—>lobar bronchi—> segmental bronchi —> terminal bronchioles —> alveoli

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19
Q

The ____ lung contains three lobes.

A

right

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20
Q

The ____ lung contains a cardiac notch.

A

left

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21
Q

The _____ is shorter, wider and more vertical.

A

right main bronchus

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22
Q

The _______ is a thin membrane that is fused to the surface of the lungs.

A

visceral pleura

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23
Q

The _____ is located at the bifurcation of the trachea.

A

carina

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24
Q

Alveoli are comprised of two types of cells. ____ cells are thin squamous cells. _____ cells are large cuboidal cells.

A

Type I;

Type II

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25
The function of type I cells is to _______ while type II cells secrete _______.
allow gas exchange; surfactant
26
________ reduces surface tension in the alveolus.
surfactant
27
The_______ _______ separates the capillary blood from the alveolar air.
respiratory membrane
28
Gases diffuse across the respiratory membrane. Oxygen diffuses from the ______ and carbon dioxide diffuses from the _______
air to the blood; | blood to the air.
29
T/F: The alveoli never attain equal pressure with the ambient (outside) air.
False; The alveoli do attain equal pressure with ambient air.
30
During expiration decreased alveolar volume causes...
increased alveolar pressure
31
The result of the process of inspiration is..
Increased alveolar volume causes decreased alveolar pressure
32
Inspiration begins as...
the diaphragm contracts
33
T/F: As the volume in the alveoli increases, the pressure decreases.
True: As volume increases, pressure decreases.
34
T/F: CO2 is relatively high in the alveoli and is relatively low in the blood.
False; PCO2 is relatively low in the alveoli and relatively high in the blood.
35
T/F: Pulmonary surfactant is secreted by Type II alveolar cells.
True; Pulmonary surfactant is secreted by Type II alveolar cells.
36
How many alveoli are found in each lung?
millions
37
The pharynx is a shared region between which two body systems?
respiratory and digestive
38
The vestibular and vocal folds are found in the...
larynx
39
T/F: The respiratory membrane, across which gas exchange occurs, is formed by the wall of the respiratory bronchiole and the pulmonary capillary.
False; The respiratory membrane is formed by the alveolar and capillary walls.
40
Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory tract?
pharynx
41
T/F: During inspiration thoracic cavity volume increases.
True; Inspiration increases the volume of the thoracic cavity.
42
T/F:As the diaphragm relaxes, it is depressed (moves inferiorly).
False; The diaphragm moves superiorly as it relaxes.
43
Place the organs of the digestive tract in order from proximal to distal.
oral cavity ---> esophagus---> stomach---> small intestines---> large intestines---> rectum
44
Place the parts of the stomach in order from proximal to distal.
cardia ---> fundus--->body--->pylorus
45
Place the parts of the small intestines in order from proximal to distal.
duodenum ---> jejunum---> ileum
46
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: stomach
part of GI tract
47
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: large intestines
part of GI tract
48
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: rectum
part of GI tract
49
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: small intestines
part of GI tract
50
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: esophagus
part of GI tract
51
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: liver
accessory organ
52
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: pancreas
accessory organ
53
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: teeth
accessory organ
54
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: gallbladder
accessory organ
55
Group the structure based on whether it is part of the GI tract or just accessory structures: salivary glands
accessory organ
56
The _____ provides mechanical digestion of chewing, which is called _____.
oral cavity; mastication
57
The _____ moves food from the pharynx to the_____ with wave like contractions called ______
esophagus; stomach; peristaltic waves
58
The _____ is a hollow storage vat that initiates digestion of proteins.
stomach
59
The _______ is where most absorption of nutrients takes place.
small intestines
60
The _____ absorbs a little water and electrolytes, but is mostly for storing feces.
large intestines
61
sublingual gland produces _____ %of saliva
3-5%
62
submandibular gland produces _____ %of saliva
60-70%
63
parotid gland produces _____ %of saliva
25-30%
64
the pancreas produces and secretes___
digestive enzymes
65
the pancreas releases ____ into the _____
insulin; | blood
66
the liver produces and secretes______
bile
67
the liver stores _____, _____, and _____
glycogen, minerals, vitamins
68
the gallblader stores and concentrates___
bile
69
Digestion begins in the...
mouth
70
Bile from the liver and digestive juices from the pancreas enter which section of the small intestine?
duodenum
71
Which of the following is not secreted by the stomach to aid in digestion?
bile
72
During digestion, the major site of nutrient absorption is the...
small intestine
73
Which of the following might stimulate the cephalic phase of gastric secretion?
the thought of food
74
A portal triad consists of which three elements?
branches of a hepatic artery hepatic portal vein bile duct
75
From external to internal, what is the correct order of layers of the stomach?
serosa muscularis submucosa mucosa
76
Functions of the stomach include...
chemical and mechanical digestion
77
Which region of the stomach is continuous with the esophagus?
cardiac region
78
Which cell of the gastric glands produces pepsinogen?
chief cell

Lab Exam 4 (8 decks)

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