4.2 - Psychoanalytic + Psychodynamic Approaches

Question 1

freudy’s bday + dday

Answer 1

b: 1856
d: 1939

Question 2

mental energy

Answer 2

energy that the psyche needs to function

Question 3

libido/life drive/sexual drive

Answer 3

motive towards procreation, protection, enjoyment of life, growth

Question 4

thanatos

Answer 4

motive towards destruction, disorder, ultimately death

Question 5

PSYCHOSEXUAL: ORAL

Answer 5

underfed = oral passive, trusting, dependent

overfed = oral aggressive - aggressive, dominating

Question 6

PSYCHOSEXUAL: ANAL

Answer 6

toilet training too harsh = anal retentive, tidiness, obsessiveness, mean, stubborn

too lax = anal expulsive - untidyness, generosity

Question 7

PSYCHOSEXUAL: PHALLIC

Answer 7

abnormal family set-up leading to unusual relationship with mother/father = vanity, self-obsession, sexual anxiety, inadequacy, inferiority, envy

Question 8

PSYCHOSEXUAL: GENITAL

Answer 8

settling down in loving one-to-one relationship with another = well-adjusted, mature, able to love + be loved, sexual instinct directed to heterosexual pleasure

Question 9

psychic determinism

Answer 9

everything that happens in a person’s psyche has a specific cause - cause lies in processes and structure of personality

Question 10

psyches

Answer 10

psychological result of mainly the brain + partly the rest of the body’s physiological functions

Question 11

CONSCIOUS

Answer 11

tip of the iceberg - objects perceives - memories, stream of thought

Question 12

PRECONSCIOUS

Answer 12

below level of immediate conscious awareness - memories + emotions that haven’t been repressed can be recalled

Question 13

UNCONSCIOUS

Answer 13

“the star of the show”
hidden, secret realm Freud thought contains significant portion of mental life, own rules - repressed memories etc

Question 14

ID

Answer 14

irrational, emotional part of the mind

Question 15

pleasure principle

Answer 15

need of an immediate gratification of the Id’s urges (raw biological desires)

Question 16

Ego

Answer 16

rational + decision-making part of mind

Question 17

reality principle

Answer 17

force that delays gratification of Id’s needs until appropriate conditions present

Question 18

Superego

Answer 18

moral, balance, mediator between id + ego

Question 19

psychic conflict

Answer 19

friction btwn different parts of the mind, w/o interna compromises between motivation, morality, practicality, sexual/aggressive impulses, internal conflict between needs + impulses ensue

Question 20

repression

Answer 20

unconscious employed by EGO to keep disturbing thoughts from becoming conscious - e.g. Oedipus complex, aggression repressed. trauma repression

Question 21

denial

Answer 21

blocking external events + reality from awareness, refusal to experience/accept events. e.g. smokers deny smoking bad for health

Question 22

projection

Answer 22

individuals attribute own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, motives to another e.g. you hate someone but superego says that’s unacceptable so you think they hate you instead

Question 23

displacement

Answer 23

satisfying an impulse (usually aggression) with substitute –> frustration at work = kick dog at home

Question 24

regression

Answer 24

ego revert to earlier stage of development usually in response to stress e.g. child in hospital wet bed/suck thumb

Question 25

sublimation`

Answer 25

satisfying impulse with substitute in socially acceptable way - putting emotions e.g. sadness into constructive e.g. play piano

Question 26

what is the ego anxious about

Answer 26

id getting out of control and doing something terrible, superego getting out of control + making you feel guilty about actions, thoughts, desires

Question 27

(ego) defence mechanisms

Answer 27

largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from primarily feelings of anxiety + guilt

Question 28

Jung basic facts

Answer 28

* 1875-1961 * EXPERIMENTAL psychologist * jung dealt w more extreme psychiatric experiences

Question 29

Jung: complex

Answer 29

blend of archetypal patterns + material in the personal unconscious

Question 30

colective unconscious archetypes

Answer 30

- mother: kind, generous, devouring, frightening - hero: defeat evil, sacrifice self, villain, demon - trickster: joker, prankster, sacred clown - child: hope for the future

Question 31

Complexes: word association tasks

Answer 31

* developed by Jung based on Galton's work * given a stimulus word + respond w/ first word that occurs to you * variables assessed: response time, vocal tone, galvanic skin response, heart rate

Question 32

complexes: word association task results

Answer 32

* responses to emotional stimuli different from neutral * patterns of response revealed: 11 unconscious psyshological paternsri

Question 33

contributions of psychoanalytic

Answer 33

* first formed personality theories * propose existence of unconscious processes + forces * first theories to focus + explain effects of early development on adult personality * contributions to TREATMENT OF ANXIETY + MOOD DISORDERS: dream therapy, clinical hypnosis, free association

Question 34

Criticism of psychoanalytic approach

Answer 34

* questionably scientific value * poor external validity * inadequate empirical evidence * UNFALSIFIABLE * function more as philosophies