Local flaps of head and neck

Question 1

What are advantages to using local flaps in the head and neck

Answer 1

color match

texture match

Question 2

What are 2 biomechanical properties of skin that affect the planning of local flaps?

Answer 2

Stress relaxation

Creep

Question 3

What is stress relaxation property of skin

Answer 3

With constant load is applied, the skin stretches. With time, the amount of force needed to maintain the stretched position reduces

Question 4

What is creep property of skin?

Answer 4

With sudden load applied to skin and kept constant, the amount of stretch increases over time

Question 5

What are the angles for deisngining a rhomboid

Answer 5

120 and 60

4 potential flaps can be designed per defect

Question 6

How can a circular defect be closed with a rhomboid?

Answer 6

transform into hexagonal shape

6 potential rhomboid flaps exist

3 flaps are needed to close hexagonal defect

Question 7

What are the angles of a dufourmental flap?

Answer 7

150 30

Question 8

What are indications for a Z-plasty?

Answer 8

• realign scar with line of minimal tension
• adjust contours with re-orienting soft tissue
• lenghthen a scar contracture
• disperse linear scars

Question 9

What is the classic angle of a zplasty

Answer 9

60’

Question 10

What increase in length is achieved for varying angles of zplasty?

Answer 10

• Zplasty angle -> %increase in length
• 30 -> 25%
• 45’ -> 50%
• 60’ -> 75%
• 75’ ->100%
• 90’ ->120%

Question 11

How do you increase length of flaps on forehead and scalp

Answer 11

galea scoring at itnerval of 0.5cm to 1cm

Question 12

Where od you place your incision lines for flap reconstruction in the head and neck?

Answer 12

in the lines of minimal relaxed tension

Question 13

what are the tension properties of skin and the elastic properties of skin