Human Geo Vocab Unit III Chapters 2 and 3

Question 1

demography

Answer 1

The scientific study of population characteristics

Question 2

agricultural density

Answer 2

the ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land.

Question 3

natural increase rate (NIR)

Answer 3

:he percentage by which a population grows in a year. imputed by subtracting CDR from CBR, after converting the two measures from numbers per 1,000 to percentages.

Question 4

infant mortality rate (IMR)

Answer 4

is the annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age, compared with total live births.

Question 5

industrial revolution

Answer 5

conjunction of major improvements in industrial technology (invention of the steam engine, mass production, powered transportation) that transformed the process of manufacturing goods and delivering them to market

Question 6

dependency ratio

Answer 6

the number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive years.

Question 7

counterurbanization

Answer 7

Net migration from urban to rural areas.

Question 8

emigration

Answer 8

migration from a location

Question 9

intervening obstacle

Answer 9

an environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.

Question 10

forced migration

Answer 10

be migrant has been compelled to move by cultural factors.

Question 11

brain drain

Answer 11

a large-scale emigration by talented people.

Question 12

arithmetic density

Answer 12

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Question 13

crude birth rate (CBR)

Answer 13

the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 14

crude death rate (CDR)

Answer 14

the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 15

doubling time

Answer 15

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Question 16

demographic transition

Answer 16

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population.

Question 17

medical revolution

Answer 17

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

Question 18

Thomas Malthus

Answer 18

English Economist that argued that without the practice of “moral restraint” the population tends to increase at a greater rate than its means of subsistence, resulting in the population checks of war, famine, and epidemic.

Question 19

net migration

Answer 19

The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants.

Question 20

push factor

Answer 20

induces people to move out of their present location

Question 21

interregional migration

Answer 21

movement from one region of a country to another

Question 22

voluntary migration

Answer 22

migrant has chosen to move for economic improvement,

Question 23

zero population growth (ZPG)

Answer 23

The condition where the CBR declines to the point where it equals the CDR, and the NIR approaches zero.

Question 24

physiological density

Answer 24

The number of people per unit of area of arable gland, which is land suitable for agriculture.

Question 25

total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 25

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (roughly ages 15 through 49)

Question 26

agricultural revolution

Answer 26

the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering.

Question 27

population pyramid

Answer 27

A country’s population displayed by age and gender groups on a bar graph.

Question 28

pandemic

Answer 28

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.

Question 29

immigration

Answer 29

migration to a location.

Question 30

pull factor

Answer 30

induces people to move into a new location.

Question 31

intraregional migration

Answer 31

movement within one region.

Question 32

chain migration

Answer 32

the migration of people to a specific location, because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.