Normal Development I

Question 1

What is Erikson’s (famous psychologist) 1st psychosocial task?

Answer 1

Establishing trust in your parents, which leads to` the though of trusting other people

Question 2

Describe the infant attachment process

Answer 2

Neuronal connections get established between the infant’s innate need to attach and the emotions (hopefully positive) that are attached to that event. Continued positive experiences become long term memories that motivate the infant to continue their attachment to their parents.

Question 3

What are two examples of perceptual biases that an infant has?

Answer 3

1. Will focus on visual cues that resemble faces

2. Will focus on sounds that resemble a human voice

Question 4

What are the innate drives of an infant according to Freud

Answer 4

1. Maintain body regulation (food, sleep, temp)

2. Be assertive (to explore and seek new stimuli), but also be protected from going too far

Question 5

The major postulate of Piaget about how infants acquire intelligence is….

Answer 5

They get smart by being assertive (exploring and shit) and interacting with people and things

Question 6

What does Piaget say about what we remember vs. what we tend to forget

Answer 6

We remember schemas or our perception of reality, not an actual representation of that reality. We erase memories that don’t have much emotional content and tend to remember things that have high emotional content and that are important to attachment or survival (a scary memory so you don’t do it again)

Question 7

How do you acquire new knowledge?

Answer 7

Storing representations as Long Term Memory

Question 8

What is assimilation?

Answer 8

Fitting a new perception into an existing schema/representation/long term memory. Basically fitting the outside world into your existing “internal” world.

Question 9

What is accommodation?

Answer 9

This is an unconscious mental process that involves modifying an existing fact or memory in response to what you see in the outside world. Basically changing your “internal” world to fit with what you see in the outside world.

Question 10

If you have a positive experience should you keep it to yourself or share it with people you care about?

Answer 10

Sharing it, or getting the “mirroring smile”, helps you to internalize the positive experience and build your self-esteem

Question 11

The process of learning involves both __________ and ____________

Answer 11

Assimilation and Accommodation