Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

From Flashcardlet > science test > Flashcards

science test Flashcards

0
Q

What do genes code for?

A

Polypeptides (proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

DNA contains what?

A

Genes and sequences of nucleotide bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are used to build cells and do much of the work inside cells

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Proteins are made up of what?

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amino acids are linked together by what?

A

Peptide bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many types of amino acids exist?

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amino acid chains are called what?

A

Polypeptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

DNA is found where?

A

Inside the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proteins are made in the _______ of cells by the organelles called _________.

A

Cytoplasm; ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

May be free floating in the cytosol or attached to the surface of the rough ER

A

Ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

DNA’s code must be copied and taken to the _________.

A

Cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the cytoplasm, the DNA code must be read so amino acids can be assembled to make __________.

A

Polypeptides (proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The process of amino acids making proteins or polypeptides is called what?

A

Protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

________ is the master plan

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_______ is the blueprint of the master plan

A

RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_______ has a sugar ribose

A

RNA

16
Q

________ has a sugar deoxyribose

A

DNA

17
Q

RNA contains the base ______.

A

Uracil

18
Q

DNA contains the base ________.

A

Thymine

19
Q

RNA molecule is _______.

A

Single-stranded

20
Q

DNA is ____________.

A

Double-stranded

21
Q

What does messenger RNA (mRNA) do?

A

Copies DNA’s code & carries the genetic information to the ribosomes

22
Q

What does ribosomal RNA (rRNA) do?

A

Makes up the ribosomes

23
Q

What does Transfer RNA (tRNA) do?

A

Transfers amino acids to the ribosomes where proteins are synthesized.

24
Q

Made in the nucleus, has long straight chain of nucleotides, copies DNA and leaves through nuclear pores, and contains the nitrogen bases A,G,C,U

A

Messenger RNA

25
Q

Carries the information for a specific protein and is made up of 500 to 1000 nucleotides.

A

Messenger RNA

26
Q

Name the 3 stop codons

A

UAA, UAG, UGA

27
Q

Name the start codon or methionine

A

AUG

28
Q

Two completions of the Krebs cycle produce what?

A

6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 4 CO2, and 2 ATP

29
Q

How many different kinds of bases can be found on DNA?

A

4

30
Q

What base is found on RNA but not on DNA?

A

Uracil

31
Q

How many bases are in a codon? In an anticodon?

A

3; 3

32
Q

How many amino acids are attached to a single transfer RNA?

A

20

33
Q

Transcription occurs in the _______. Translation occurs in the _________.

A

Nucleus; cytoplasm

34
Q

The process of making DNA from RNA

A

Transcription

35
Q

Process of assembling a protein from RNA

A

translation

36
Q

Describe two ways in which RNA differs from DNA

A
  1. DNA has thymine and RNA doesn’t

2. RNA is single-stranded and DNA is double-stranded

From Flashcardlet (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions