Science Test Flashcards
Found in melanocytes
Melanin
Absorb ultraviolet radiation, prevents mutations in skin cells and other damaging effects. Dark pigment that provides skin color
Melanin
Protein found in epidermis, hair, and nails
Keratin
Harden in a process called keratinization
Keratinocytes
Skin glands that secrete sebum.
Sebaceous glands
A mixture of fatty material and cellular debris. Helps keep hair and skin stay soft, pliable, and waterproof
Sebum
Most abundant sweat gland. Maintains body temperature. Commonly found on the forehead, neck, and back
Eccrine gland
Name the integumentary system functions
- cushions, insulates, and is waterproof
- protects from chemicals
- synthesizes vitamin D
- regulates body heat
- prevent unnecessary water loss
- Sensory reception
Name the Integumentary system layers from deep to top
- Stratum basale – single row of cells attached to dermis; youngest cells
- stratum spinosum - spinyness is artifactual
- stratum granulosum - layers of flattened keratinocytes
- stratum lucidum - only on palms and soles
- stratum correum- cells dead, thick layers
Cells involved in the integumentary system
- keratinocytes – deepest, produce keratin
- melanocytes bash make pigment melanin
- Merkel cells – associated with sensory nerve endings
- langerhans cell - macrophage-like dendritic cells
How does the body regulate temperature?
The skin plays a key role. If you are too hot the nervous system stimulates the eccrine glands to release sweat & cool the skins surface. If you are cold, muscles in the walls of dermal blood vessels are stimulated to contract
How does the body heal wounds?
It all depends on the extent of the injury. A shallow injury - cells divide more rapidly and fill the gap. Dermis – a blood clot and dried tissue forms a scab that covers and protects it. Large, open ones – accompanied by round masses called granulations.
What is the structure of hair?
Root (embedded in skin) and shaft (protecting skins surface); made up of hard-keratin; hair follicle contains the hair root
What is the structure of nails?
Made of hard keratin; protective coverings on the ends of fingers and toes; consists of a nail plate that overlies a surface of skin called the nailbed; growth from nail matrix
What are the types of burns?
1st°, 2nd°, and 3rd° burns
