Block 2 Lec 14 - Embryology of the Gut

Question 1

primitive gut is formed from the blank germ layer

Answer 1

endodermal

Question 2

ectoderm has blank

Answer 2

skin/ nervous system

Question 3

mesoderm has blank

Answer 3

cartilage, blood, muscle, bone

Question 4

endo derm has blank

Answer 4

gut

Question 5

part of mesoderm that folds to create folding of the embryo

Answer 5

lateral plate mesoderm

Question 6

fetal membrane that is connected to the hindgut

Answer 6

allantois

Question 7

this cavity is formed at the end of the third week of embryonic life when intracellular clefts occur in the lateral plate mesoderm

Answer 7

intraembryonic coelomic cavity

Question 8

coelomic cavity partitions to form these cavities

Answer 8

pleura, pericardial, peritoneal

Question 9

four components of the diaphragm

Answer 9

skeletal muscle, mesoesophagus, pleuroperitoneal folds, septum transversum

Question 10

septum transversum is a sheet of blank and forms the anterolateral region of diaphragm including the blank

Answer 10

mesoderm, central tendon

Question 11

most of the fourth part of the diaphragm (skeletal muscle) is located blank

Answer 11

peripherally

Question 12

these are caused by failure of the pleuroperitoneal folds to fuse

Answer 12

diaphragmatic hernias

Question 13

foregut is supplied by blank

Answer 13

celiac artery

Question 14

things that foregut is turned into

Answer 14

pharyngeal pouches, esophagus, trachea, lung buds, stomach, liver, biliary system, pancreas

Question 15

development of esophagus is complicated by the the outpocketing of the respiratory or blank diverticulum

Answer 15

tracheobronchial

Question 16

the stomach blank during devevlopment

Answer 16

rotates

Question 17

rotation of stomach results in the left vagus nerve to become blank

Answer 17

anterior

Question 18

dorsal mesentery forms these

Answer 18

omental bursa, greater omentum, lienorenal lig, jejunum, ileum, transverse and sigmoid mesocolon, mesoduodenum (lost in adult)

Question 19

ventral mesentary forms these

Answer 19

lesser omentum, falciform ligament

Question 20

liver and gallbladder forms from blank

Answer 20

liver bud (hepatic diverticulum)

Question 21

part of liver that never completely detaches from septum transversum and lacks a covering of peritoneum

Answer 21

bare area

Question 22

ventral pancreas splits and encloses the second part of duodenum and obstructs it

Answer 22

annular pancreas

Question 23

spleen is not part of the blank

Answer 23

foregut

Question 24

spleen is suspended to to the back wall by the blank

Answer 24

lienorenal ligament

Question 25

spleen is attached to the stomach by blank

Answer 25

gastrosplenic ligament

Question 26

axis for rotation of the midgut

Answer 26

superior mesenteric artery

Question 27

two normal developments of the midgut

Answer 27

herniation, retraction

Question 28

this results from the failure of the gut to return to abdomincal cavity after retraction and 180 degree rotation

Answer 28

omphalocoele

Question 29

ascending colon is part of the blank

Answer 29

midgut

Question 30

descending colon is part of the blank

Answer 30

hindgut

Question 31

ascending and descending colon fuse with dorsal body wall after rotation which causes them to become blank

Answer 31

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 32

mesentary of the sigmoid colon

Answer 32

sigmoid mesocolon

Question 33

hindgut is from blank to blank

Answer 33

descending colon, anal canal

Question 34

midgut is from blank to blank

Answer 34

horizontal/ascending duodenum, transverse colon

Question 35

foregut is from blank to blank and includes blank

Answer 35

pharynx, superior/descending duodenum most organs

Question 36

connection of primitive gut to endodermal yolk sac

Answer 36

yolk stalk (vitelline) (omphalomesenteric duct)