Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Osce Prep > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Marfans syndrome associated with?

A

Aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Down’s syndrome associated with

A

Congenital heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is turners syndrome ?

Associated with

A

Female who is partially or totally missing an X chromosome

Coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cardiovascular causes of clubbing

A

Cyanotic congenital heart disease

Subacute infective endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Causes of sprinter haemorrhages

A

Infective endocarditis

Profound anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Olsers nodes

Why do you get them?

A

Painful lumps in fingers / Palms

Fragments of vegetation from an infected valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most common cause of irregularly irregular pulse

A

Atrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When do you get a collapsing pulse

A

Aortic regurgitation

Patent ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Radial radial delay

A

Arterial occlusion

Atherosclerotic plaque, aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Radial femoral delay suggests ?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why check blood pressure lying and standing

A

Postural hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cardiac cause of jaundice

A

Prophetic heart valve induced haemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Malar flush is?

Cause ?

A

Rosy cheeks with bluish tinge
Dilation of malar capillaries -
pulmonary hypertension
Low cardiac output - mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

High arched palate seen in

A

Mar fans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ways to distinguish JVP from arterial

A

Double impulse
Varies with position and inspiration
Cannot be palpated
Rises if pressure applied to liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Carotid pulses 
Slow rising 
Collapsing 
Bisferiens (slow rising and collapsing) 
Small volume 
Pulses alternates (alternating weakens strong)
A

Slow rising - aortic stenosis
Collapsing - aortic regurgitation, patent ductus arteriosus
Bisferiens (slow rising and collapsing) - aortic stenosis and incompetence
Small volume - aortic stenosis, pericardial effusion
Pulses alternates (alternating weakens strong) - LV diseased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cardiac failure -> what heard in lungs

A

Pan-inspiriatory crackles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pitting oedema of sacrum occurs when

A

Severe right heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Unilateral lower limb oedema

A

DVT or compression of large veins by tumour/ lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Causes of raised JVP

A 
HOLT 
Heart failure
Obstruction of vena cava 
Lymph node enlargement - supraclavicular 
Thoracic pressure increase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is cardiac tamponade ?

Becks triad?

A 
Pericardial effusion -> slow / rapid compression of heart 
3 Ds
Distant heart sounds
Distended jugular veins 
Decreased arterial pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Difference between valve replacement scar and cabg

A

Cabg always midline sternotomy

Valve may be on side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When may apex best be decimated laterally

A

Mitral / aortic regurgitation (volume overload)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When would you feel parasternal heaves

A

Rv / severe LA enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Right / left sided murmurs heard loudest when ?
Right - inspiration (venous return increased) | Left - expiration
26
Causes of pericarditis
``` CARDIAC RIND Collagen vascular disease Aortic aneurysm Radiation Drugs eg. Hydralazine Infections Acute renal failure Cardiac infarction Rheumatic fever Injury Neoplasms Dressers syndrome ```
27
Radial radial delay
Aortic coarctation
28
Dental caries predispose to?
Infective endocarditis
29
Pansystolic murmur
Mitral regurgitation
30
Ejection systolic murmur
Aortic stenosis | Can be heard in carotids
31
Basic management of MI
``` BOOMAR bed rest Oxygen Opiate Monitor Anticoagulants Reduce clot ```
32
Causes of ST elevation
``` ELEVATION Electrolytes LBBB Early repolarisation Ventricular hypertrophic Aneurysm Treatment Injury Osbourne waves (hypothermia) Non-occlusive vasospasm ```
33
Causes of depressed ST
``` Dropping valve Enlargement of LV with strain Potassium loss Reciprocal ST Embolism in lungs Subendocardial ischemia Encephalopathy haemorrhage (cranial) Shock Toxicity (digitalis, quinidine) ```
34
Causes of T wave inversion
``` INVERT Ischemia Normal (young, black) Ventricular hyper trophy Ectopic foci RBBB, LBBB Treatments (digoxin) ```
35
How do you calculate ABPI | Arterial disease indicated by
Highest systolic in the ankle / highest in arms | ABPI
36
Haemosidderin deposition looks like? | Indicative of ?
Purplish bruise just below skin | Venous insufficiency
37
Malar flush indicative of
Mitral stenosis
38
Splinter haemorrhages
Bacterial endocarditis
39
2 causes of clubbing
Infective endocarditis | Cyanotic congenital heart disease
40
Where are janeway lesions found
Palm pulp lesions
41
Where are Olsers nodes found
Tender red nodules on finger pulps / thenar eminence
42
What is xanthomata
Raised yellow lesions often in tendons of wrist | Hyperlipidaemia
43
Radial radial delay suggests
Aortic coarctation
44
Causes of water hammer pulse
Normal - fever , pregnancy Cardiac - AR, PDA High output - anaemia , AV fistula, thryrotoxicosis
45
Narrow pulse pressure associated with
Aortic stenosis
46
Wide pulse pressure associated with
Aortic regurgitation
47
Causes of raised JVP
Fluid overload Rv failure Tricuspid regurgitation
48
Where / when do you get heaves
Left steal edge | Rv hyper trophy
49
What is a thrill
Palpable murmur over aortic valve and apex beat
50
Lateral displacement of apex beat indicates
Cardiomegaly
51
Lung base crackles could mean
LV failure
52
Sacral / pedal oedema could mean
Rv failure
53
Finish cv exam
Peripheral vascular examination 12 lead ECG Dipstick urine (eg proteinuria caused by hypertension) Capillary blood glucose Fundoscopy ( malignant hypertension - papilloedema )
54
Difference in BP across arms
Aortic aneurysm
55
Hair loss in legs due to
PVD
56
Discolouration of legs due to
``` Eg haemosiderin Venous disease (not PVD) ```
57
Prolonged cap refil indicates
PVD
58
Radial femoral delay
Coarctation of aorta
59
Femoral Bruis indicates
Femoral / iliac stenosis
60
What angle of positive buergers indicates severe limb ischemia
Less than 20 degrees
61
What is reactive hyperaemia
When leg first goes pink and then Becomes red | Due to arteriolar dilatation to remove built up metabolic waste
62
Finish peripheral vascular exam
Cv exam ABPI Lower limb neurological examination
63
Usual cause of endocarditis
Strep viridans

Osce Prep (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions