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Ortho #1 > #4 Tooth Movement > Flashcards

#4 Tooth Movement Flashcards

1
Q

What is the width of the PDL?

A

0.5mm (perio says 0.25mm ….)

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2
Q

The PDL is adapted to resist ______ duration forces.

A

short (seconds)

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3
Q

Force magnitude and duration are both very important because a force as little as ____ gm can induce tooth movement.

A

2 gm

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4
Q

T or F, PDL fibers need to be remodeled for tooth movement.

A

True, the remodeling mostly done by fibroblasts.

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5
Q

_____ is required for tooth moment beyond the PDL space.

A

Bone resorption

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6
Q

_______ are responsible for bone resorption.

A

Osteoclasts (multinucleate, produce acid and enzymes that remove bone)

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7
Q

What are the theories of tooth moment?

A
  1. The bioelectrical theory - bony changes caused by electric signals:
    - Force induces induces piezoelectical signals
    - Bioelectrical potential changes cell activity
  2. The pressure-tension theory = bony changes caused by chemical signals
    - pressure and tension alter blood flow.
    - formation and release of chemical messengers
    - Chemical messengers change cell activities.
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8
Q

How long does it take to displace tooth in PDL space?

A

1-2 secs light pressure

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9
Q

How long does it take to alter blood flow?

A

3-5 sec of light pressure

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10
Q

What happens after minutes of sustained light pressure?

A

Oxygen tension at compression side decreases -> Prostaglandins (PG-E) and cytokines (IL1) release)

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11
Q

What happens after hours of sustained light pressure?

A

Chemical messengers cause metabolic change; second messengers (such as cAMP) release –> osteoclasts recruitment (from blood), maturation and activation –> frontal bone resorption (good)…

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12
Q

How long does it take for tooth to move beyond the PDL space with sustained light pressure?

A

2 days

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13
Q

What happens within minutes of heavy sustained pressure?

A

Blood flow is cut off to compressed PDL and after a few hours cell death occurs in compressed area.

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14
Q

What happens within 3-5 days of heavy sustained pressure?

A

Osteoclasts recruitment from bone marrow), maturation and activation –> undermining bone resorption (Bad)

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15
Q

How long does it take for tooth to move beyond PDL space with heavy sustained pressure?

A

7-14 days

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16
Q

How is the movement of movement of teeth different over time with heavy vs. light force?

A

Light force = continued steady movement

Heavy force = Choppy, stop and go movement

17
Q

How many hours a day of sustained force is needed to activate cellular activity?

A

4-8 hrs/day *longer duration produces more efficient tooth movement

18
Q

The compression area larger during _____ that ______.

A

Translation than tipping *Greater force is needed to produce the same pressure.

19
Q

Is movement faster in the Maxilla or mandible?

A

Maxilla * Bone density

20
Q

What drugs inhibit tooth moment?

A

Prostaglandin inhabiters: NSAID, Corticosteroids

Bisphosphates

21
Q

What methods can accelerate tooth Movement?

A

Local injury: regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP)

Corticotomy Assisted tooth movement (Wilckodontics)

22
Q

Is anchorage needed for reciprocal space closure?

A

No! because both teeth are moving to close a gap.

23
Q

What is stationary anchorage control?

A

Only allows bodily movement of the molars, which requires stronger pressure.

24
Q

What is skeletal anchorage?

A

Use temporary anchorage devices (TAD’s) to prevent unwanted movement.

25
Q

Can teeth with RCT be moved orthodontically?

A

Yes (Generally pupal reaction is minimal with movement)

26
Q

Where might permanent loss of root structure occur after movement?

A

Primarily at the apex

27
Q

What teeth are more prone to root reabsorption due to movement?

A

incisors and second premolars

28
Q

What are the risk factors for excessive resorption?

A

Abnormal root morphology: conical roots, pointed apices, diacerations

Prolonged treatment time, excessive and prolonged orthodontic forces

History of root resorption

29
Q

What are the effects of orthodontic treatment on Alveolar bone height?

A

Usually

30
Q

T or F, Active periodontal disease must be controlled before orthodontic treatment.

A

true

Ortho #1 (9 decks)

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