Conditions/Disorders P. 41-48

Question 1

Degenerative process characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage, hypertrophy of subchondral bone and joint capsule of weight-bearing bones

Answer 1

Degenerative Joint Disease ; degenerative osteoarthritis (osteoarthrosis)

Question 2

Progressive inflammatory disorder affecting axial skeleton. Onset usually before 4th decade. Mid and low back pain, morning stiffness, sacroiliitis.

Answer 2

Ankylosing Spondylitis; Marie-Stumpell disease, Bechterew’s disease, rheumatoid spondylitis

Question 3

Genetic disorder of purine metabolism, characterized by elevated serum uric acid. Crystals deposit into peripheral joints and other tissues.

Answer 3

Gout

Question 4

Chronic, erosive inflammatory disorder associated with psoriasis, characterized by degeneration of digit joints and axial skeleton

Answer 4

Psoriatic arthritis

Question 5

chronic systemic disorder. Symmetrical pattern of dysfunction in joints of hands, wrists, elbows, shoulders, knees, ankles, and feet. Dysfunction includes pannus, ulnar drift and volar subluxation of MCP joints and PIP joints.

Answer 5

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 6

Metabolic disease that depletes bone mineral density. Commonly in thoracic and lumbar spine, femoral neck, proximal humerus, proximal tibia, pelvis, and distal radius.

Answer 6

Osteoporosis

Question 7

Decalcification of bones due to Vitamin D deficiency. Pain, fractures, weakness, and deformity result.

Answer 7

Osteomalacia

Question 8

Inflammatory response in bone caused by infection, usually by Staphylococcus aureus.

Answer 8

Osteomyelitis

Question 9

Congenital deformity of skeleton and soft tissues, characterized by limitation in joint motion and a “sausage-like” appearance of limbs

Answer 9

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

Question 10

Syndrome characterized by “trigger points”- a focal point of irritability found within a muscle that can be active or latent and is tender to palpation. Usually has a referral pattern of pain when provoked.

Answer 10

Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Question 11

Common tendon dysfunction in many tendons throughout body. Characterized by hypercellularity, hypervascularity, no indication of inflammatory infiltrates, poor organization and loosening of collagen fibrils.

Answer 11

Tendonosis/Tendonopathy

Question 12

Inflammation of bursa secondary to overuse, trauma, gout, or infection. Pain at rest and PROM and ROM are limited solely due to pain.

Answer 12

Bursitis

Question 13

Inflammatory response in a muscle after traumatic event that caused microtearing of musculotendinous fibers. Pain and tenderness results.

Answer 13

Muscle strain

Question 14

Painful condition precipitated by direct trauma that results in a hematoma and calcification of the muscle. Most frequently seen in quads, brachialis, and biceps brachii mm.

Answer 14

Myositis Ossificans

Question 15

Also known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Dysfunction of sympathetic nervous system to include pain, circulation, and vasomotor disturbances that affect upper and/or lower extremities, head, neck, trunk. Can occur from nerve injury or unknown etiology.

Answer 15

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Question 16

Metabolic bone disease involving abnormal osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity, resulting in spinal stenosis, facet arthropathy, and possible spinal fracture.

Answer 16

Paget’s Disease (osteitis deformans)

Question 17

Curvature of the spine. Two types include structural (irreversible with rotational component) and nonstructural (reversible without rotational component).

Answer 17

Idiopathic scoliosis

Question 18

Spasm and/or tightness of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Side-bending toward and rotation away from affected SCM.

Answer 18

Torticollis