Cancer Screening And Diagnosis

Question 1

What are the two general criteria that must be met to screen for a particular disease?

Answer 1

1. A test or procedure exists that can detect the disease earlier than if it were detected by symptoms.
2. Must be evidence that earlier treatment of the disease results in improved survival.

Question 2

Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations

Answer 2

Women 20+yrs:
-breast self-examination
-clinical breast examination
(annually)

Women 40+yrs:
-mammography (annually)

Question 3

Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations

Answer 3

Men and women aged 50+ years:
   -Fecal occult blood testing
       (Annually)
   -Stool DNA test ( interval uncertain)
   -Flexible sigmoidoscopy (every 5 years)
   -Double contrast barium enema (every 5
     years)
   -Colonoscopy (every 10 years)
   -Computed tomographic colonography
     (every 5 years)

Question 4

Prostate Cancer Screening Recommendations

Answer 4

Men age 50+ years:

• Digital rectal exam
• prostate specific antigen test

Based on your life expectancy on whether to be screened for prostate cancer.

Question 5

Cervical Cancer Screening Recommendations

Answer 5

Women age 18+ years:

-Pap test: Should begin three years after sexual intercourse but no later than 21 years of age.

Question 6

Endometrial Cancer Screening Recommendations

Answer 6

Women at menopause:

Women should be informed about the risks and symptoms of endometrial cancer and encouraged to report any unexpected bleeding or spotting to their physician.

Question 7

Cancer Screening

Answer 7

To detect a cancer at an asymptomatic stage.