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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 7 (CNS + PNS) > Flashcards

Quiz 7 (CNS + PNS) Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of CSF

A 
mechanical protection
chemical protection (blood brain barrier)
circulation (provided nutrients to brain)
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2
Q

CSF

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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3
Q

Pathway of CSF

A 
produced by choroid plexus (in all four ventricles)
lateral ventricles
intervertricular foramen
third ventricle
cerebral aquaduct
fourth ventricle
median and lateral apertures
subarachnoid space
arachnoid vili
dural sinuses
internal jugular vein
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4
Q

The prosencephalon composes these two structures at a 6 week embryo

A

telencephalon

diencephalon

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5
Q

Lobes of the cerebrum

A 
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
insula
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6
Q

Frontal lobe contains this structure

A

precentral gyrus

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7
Q

parietal lobe contains this strucutre

A

postcentral gyrus

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8
Q

temporal lobe has these 2 structures

A

auditory and olfactory cortex

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9
Q

occipital lobe contains this structure

A

visual cortex

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10
Q

Location of insula

A

deep to the lateral sulcus

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11
Q

the insula contains this structure

A

gustatory cortex

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12
Q

Layers of the meninges from superficial to deep

A 
periosteal layer (dura mater)
meningeal layer (dura mater)
arachnoid mater
sub-arachnoid space
pia mater
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13
Q

meninges

A

protective area that encloses the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

dura mater

A

two seperate layers

leathery material

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15
Q

pia mater

A

thin layer of tissue that clings tightly to the brain

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16
Q

arachnoid villi

A

aka arachnoid granulations
projections of the arachnoid mater through the meningeal layer of the dura mater into the dural sinus where CSF is absorbed into venous blood

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17
Q

dural sinuses are

A

veins of the brain open into the sinuses which in turn deliver blood to the internal juggular vein.

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18
Q

dural sinuses contain these

A

intersitial fluid

blood vessels

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19
Q

Names and pathway of the dural sinuses

A

look up in book

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20
Q

Falx cerebri

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that follows the longitudinal fissure and separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain.

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21
Q

Tentorium cerebelli

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that follows the transverse fissure and separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

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22
Q

Falx cerebelli

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that separates the two halves of the cerebellum

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23
Q

The prosencephalon becomes these two brain regions at birth

A

cerebrum

diencephalon

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24
Q

telencephalon is this region at birth

A

cerebrum

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25
Q

diencephalon is this region at birth

A

diencephalon

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26
Q

primary brain vesicle mesencephalon makes up this 6 week embryo brain structure, and this region at birth

A

diencephalon

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27
Q

Rhombencephalon makes up this two brain vesicles at 6 week embryo

A

metencephalon

myelencephalon

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28
Q

metencephalon is this region at birth

A

cerebellum and pons

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29
Q

myelencephalon is this region at birth

A

medula oblongata

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30
Q

This means ‘little brain’ in latin

A

cerebellum

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31
Q

largest part of the brain

A

cerebrum

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32
Q

conscious thought occurs here

A

cerebral hemispheres of the cerebrum

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33
Q

cerebral hemispheres

A

two half’s of the cerebrum that are separated by the longitudinal fissure

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34
Q

corpus callosum

A

prominent comissural bundles linking the cerebral hemispheres

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35
Q

septum pellucidum

A

thin, medial portion membrane that separates the pair of lateral ventricles

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36
Q

cerebral cortex

A

an extensive area of neural cortex covering the cerebral hemispheres

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37
Q

lateral sulcus

A

marks inferior boarder of the frontal lobe

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38
Q

central sulcus

A

deep groove that extends laterally from the longitudinal fissure

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39
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

deep fissure that seperates the cerebrum into hemispheres

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40
Q

transverse fissure

A

deep fissure that seperates the cerebrum from the cerebellar hemispheres

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41
Q

Diencephalon contains these major structures

A

epithalamus
thalamus
hypothalamus

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42
Q

sturucture of the epithalamus

A

pineal gland (body)

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43
Q

epithalamus

A

roof of the thrid ventricle

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44
Q

pineal gland (body)

A

posterior portion of epithalamus, secretes hormone melatonin

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45
Q

thalamus

A

contains most of the neural tissue in the diencephalon, forms walls that surround the third ventricle
final relay point for ascending sensory info

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46
Q

hypothalamus

A

forms the floor of the third ventricle,

extends from optic chiasma to mammillary bodies

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47
Q

4 structures of the hypothalamus

A

optic chiasma
mammillary bodies
pituitary gland
infundibulum

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48
Q

optic chiasma

A

location where the optic tracts from the eyes cross over and arrive at the brain

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49
Q

mammillary bodies

A

control feeding reflexes (licking, swallowing, ect)

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50
Q

pituitary gland

A

controls the release of many hormones,
posterior is neural tissue,
anterior is epithelial tissue

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51
Q

infundibulum

A

extends inferiorly connecting the hypothalamus to the pituitary

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52
Q

telencephalon and diencephalon: other names

A

forebrain

prosencephalon

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53
Q

mesencephalon: other name

A

midbrain

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54
Q

mesencephalon structures

A 
cerebral aqueduct (mesencephalic aqueduct)
tectum (corpora quadrigemina)
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55
Q

cerebral aqueduct other name

A

mesencephalic aqueduct

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56
Q

cerebral aqueduct

A

passage between the third and fourth ventricles

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57
Q

tectum other name

A

corpora quadrigemina

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58
Q

additonal structures of the tectum

A

superior (x2) and inferior (x2) colliculi

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59
Q

superior colliculi

A

integrate visual information with other sensory input,

initiate reflex responses to visual stimuli

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60
Q

inferior colliculi

A

relay auditory information to medial geniculate nuclei

initiate refles responses to auditory stimuli

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61
Q

describe the superior and inferior colliculi

A

4 small bumps on the posterior portion of the midbrain

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62
Q

Two other names for metencephalon

A

hindbrain

rhombencephalon

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63
Q

two other names for myelencephalon

A

hindbrain

rhombencephalon

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64
Q

2 major structures of the metencephalon

A

pons

cerebellum

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65
Q

pons functions

A

relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus

suconscious somatic and visceral motor centers

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66
Q

pons location

A

anterior to cerebellum in the brain stem

67
Q

cerebellum functions

A

coordinates complex somatic motor patterns

adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in brain and spinal cord

68
Q

Vermis

A

along the midline of the cerebellum, a band of cortex that seperates the cerebellar hemispheres

69
Q

cerebellar cortex

A

gray mater of the cerebellum

70
Q

arbor vitae

A

white mater of the cerebellum, looks like tree branches

71
Q

cerebellar peduncles

A

tracts that link the cerebellum with the brain stem, cerebrum, and spinal cord leave the cerebellar hemispheres as the superior, middle, and inferior peduncles

72
Q

myelencephalon structure

A

medulla oblongata

73
Q

medulla oblongata

A

where spinal cord connects to the brainstem

74
Q

brain stem

A

midbrain + pons + medulla oblongata

75
Q

Body of lateral ventricle is here

A

parietal lobe

76
Q

anterior horn of the lateral ventricle is here

A

extending into the frontal lobe

77
Q

posterior horn of the lateral ventricle is here

A

projects into the occipital lobe

78
Q

inferior horn of the lateral ventricle is here

A

curves laterally within the temporal lobe

79
Q

interventricular foramen

A

passage that links the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle

80
Q

third ventricle

A

cavity within the diencephalon

81
Q

fourth ventricle

A

begins between the pons and cerebellum, narrows and becomes continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord

82
Q

choroid plexus

A

produces CSF by “filtering” blood as it passes from the capillaries into the ventricles of the brain

83
Q

choroid plexus is located here

A

in all of the ventricles of the brain

84
Q

CN 1

A

olfactory

85
Q

CN 2

A

Optic

86
Q

CN 3

A

Oculomotor

87
Q

CN 4

A

Trochlear

88
Q

CN 5

A

Trigeminal

89
Q

three branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

90
Q

CN 6

A

Abducens

91
Q

CN 7

A

Facial

92
Q

CN 8

A

vestibulocochlear

93
Q

CN 9

A

glossopharyngeal

94
Q

CN 10

A

Vagus

95
Q

CN 11

A

Accessory

96
Q

CN 12

A

Hypoglossal

97
Q

Innervation: olfactory 1

A

nasal cavity/smell

98
Q

Innervation: optic 2

A

eye/vision

99
Q

Innervation: oculomotor 3

A

extrinsic muscles of eye

100
Q

Innervation: throchlear 4

A

superior oblique muscles of eye

101
Q

Innervation: trigeminal (ophthalmic) 5

A

skin of eyelids, scalp, nose, and lacrimal gland

102
Q

Innervation: trigeminal (maxillary) 5

A

upper teeth, palate, skin of cheek, upper lip

103
Q

Innervation: trigeminal (mandibular) 5

A

tongue, lower teeth, skin of jaw and temporal region

104
Q

Innervation: abducens 6

A

lateral rectus muscle

105
Q

Innervation: facial 7

A

taste buds of tongue, stimulates glands and skeletal muscle of face

106
Q

Innervation: vestibulocochlear (vestibular branch) 8

A

equilibrium

107
Q

Innervation: vestibulocochlear (cochlear branch) 8

A

hearing

108
Q

Innervation: glossopharyngeal 9

A

pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland

posterior tongue, pharynx and carotid sinus

109
Q

Innervation: vagus 10

A

pharyngeal and laryngeal muslces, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera

110
Q

Innervation: accessory 11

A

trapezius and sternocleidomastoid, pharynx, larynx, and soft palate

111
Q

Innervation: hypoglossal 12

A

extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of tongue

112
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: cribriform plate

A

olfactory 1

113
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: optic canal

A

optic 2

114
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: superior orbital fissure

A

oculomotor 3
trochlear 4
opthalmic (trigeminal) 5
abducens 6

115
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: foramen rotundum

A

maxiallary (trigeminal) 5

116
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: foramen ovale

A

mandibular (trigeminal) 5

117
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: Enters internal acoustic meatus

A

facial 7

vestibulocochlear 8

118
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: exits stylomastoid foramen

A

facial 7

119
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: jugular foramen

A

glossopharyngeal 9
vagus 10
accessory 11

120
Q

Nerve(s) that passes through: hypoglossal canal

A

hypoglossal 12

121
Q

pathway of the spinal component of the accessory nerve

A

enters via foramen magnum

exits via jugular foramen

122
Q

pathway of the cranial component of the accessory nerve

A

exits via jugular foramen

123
Q

Review the M

A

OKay

124
Q

Cervical plexus consists of these spinal nerves

A

C1-C4 with parts of C5

125
Q

Cervial plexus supplies these

A

skin, muscles of the head, neck and the upper part of the shoulder

126
Q

These contribute to the phrenic nerve

A

C3-5

127
Q

Phrenic nerve innervates this

A

diaphragm

128
Q

brachial plexus consists of this

A

anterior branches of spinal nerves C5-C8 and T1

129
Q

The major nerves emergin from the brachial plexus are

A 
musculocutaneous
medial
ulnar
radial
axillary
130
Q

Musclulocutaneous innervates

A

coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
brachialis

131
Q

median nerve innervates

A 
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus
palmaris longus
pronator teres and quadratus
132
Q

ulnar nerve innervates

A

extensor carpi ulnaris

medial part of flexor digitorum profundus

133
Q

Radial nerve innervates

A 
triceps bracii
anconeous
bracioradialis
supinator
extensors of the forearm less the extensor carpii ulnaris
134
Q

axillary nerve innervates

A

deltoid

teres minor

135
Q

lumbar plexus consists of

A

T12-L4

136
Q

Nerves of the lumbar plexus

A

obturator

femoral (adductor hiatus)

137
Q

obturator nerve innervates

A

gracilis

adductor longus/magnus

138
Q

Femoral nerve innervates

A

sartorius

4 muscles of the quadraceps

139
Q

sacral plexus consists of

A

sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves

140
Q

Sacral plexus nerves

A

sciatic

141
Q

sciatic nerve splits and becomes

A 
tibial
common peroneal (fibular)
142
Q

common peroneal (fibular) splits and beocmes

A 
superficial peroneal (fibular)
deep peroneal (fibular)
143
Q

sciatic nerve innervates

A

hamstrings

144
Q

tibial nerve innervates

A 
popliteous
plantaris
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
145
Q

superficial peroneal nerve innervates

A

peroneus longus/brevis

146
Q

deep peroneal nerve innervates

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorm longus
peroneous tertius

147
Q

Lateral cord forms all or part of these two nerves

A

musculocutaneous

median

148
Q

Medial cord forms all or part of these two nerves

A

median

ulnar

149
Q

posterior cord forms all or part of these two nerves

A

axilary

radial

150
Q

olfactory function

A

sensory

151
Q

optic function

A

sensory

152
Q

oculomotor

A

motor

153
Q

trochlear

A

motor

154
Q

trigeminal functional (all but muscles of mastication)

A

sensory

155
Q

trigeminal functional (muscles of mastication)

A

motor

156
Q

trigeminal function as a whole

A

both (sensory/motor)

157
Q

abducens function

A

motor

158
Q

facial function

A

both (sensory/motor)

159
Q

vestibulocochlear function

A

sensory

160
Q

glossopharyngeal function

A

both (sensory/motor0

161
Q

vagus function

A

both (sensory/motor)

162
Q

accessory function

A

motor

163
Q

hypoglossal function

A

motor

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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