Enzymes And Digestion

Question 1

What are the three main types of food molecule?

Answer 1

Starch, protein and fat

Question 2

Why do enzymes have to break up large food molecules?

Answer 2

So that the molecules can pass easily through the walls of the digestive system

Question 3

What enzyme is used to break down starch molecules?

Answer 3

Amylase

Question 4

Where is the enzyme amylase made?

Answer 4

• the salivary glands
• the pancreas
• the small intestine

Question 5

What does amylase break starch down into?

Answer 5

Maltose (and other sugars)

Question 6

What enzyme breaks down protein molecules?

Answer 6

Protease

Question 7

Where are protease enzymes produced?

Answer 7

• the stomach (where it’s call pepsin)
• the pancreas
• the small intestine

Question 8

What do protease enzymes break protein molecules down into?

Answer 8

Amino acids

Question 9

What enzyme breaks down fat molecules?

Answer 9

Lipase

Question 10

Where are lipase enzymes created?

Answer 10

• the pancreas

- the small intestine

Question 11

What do lipase enzymes break fat molecules down into?

Answer 11

• glycerol

- fatty acids

Question 12

What are lipids?

Answer 12

Fats and oils

Question 13

What is the role of the salivary glands within the digestive system?

Answer 13

Produce amylase enzymes in the saliva

Question 14

What is the role of the liver within the digestive system?

Answer 14

Produces bile which neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fat

Question 15

What is the role of the gall bladder within the digestive system?

Answer 15

Stores and releases bile into the small intestine

Question 16

What is the role of the stomach within the digestive system?

Answer 16

• pummels food with muscular walls
• produces protease enzymes
• produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and give the right pH for protease enzymes to function

Question 17

What is the role of the pancreas’ within the digestive system?

Answer 17

Produces and release protease, amylase and lipase enzymes into the small intestine

Question 18

What is the role of the small intestines within the digestive system?

Answer 18

• produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion
• this is where digested food is absorbed into the blood

Question 19

What is the role of the large intestine within the digestive system?

Answer 19

Absorbs excess water from food

Question 20

What is the role of the rectum within the digestive system?

Answer 20

Where the faeces are stored before they are excreted through the anus

Question 21

What is the main purpose of digestive enzymes?

Answer 21

To break down large food molecules into smaller molecules