herbal stuff

Question 1

Fish oil

Answer 1

hypertriglyceridemia, CV disase

Question 2

Echinacea

Answer 2

• USE = decrease duration and intensity of colds
• MoA
  
  • immune nodulating (increase cytokine production)
  • anti-inflammatory (inhibits cyclooxygenases_
  • increase # of immunological cells
• ADVERSE
  
  • allergic rxn, rash
  • avoid in pts with immunosuppresant meds

Question 3

Ginkgo biloba

Answer 3

• Use: improve memory, tx of alzheimers or dementia and peripheral vascular disease
• ADVERSE:
  
  • nausea, headache, diarrhea, anxiety and insomnia, bleeding
  • AVOID IN PTS taking anticoagulatns

Question 4

Garlinc

Answer 4

• USE: atherosclerosis, high cholesterole, HTN
• MOA
  
  • inhibiton of ACE
  • increase NO bioavailability
  • increase H2S production
• Adverse
  
  • increase bleeding
  • nausea, hypotension, alelrgy
  • can reduce bioavailability of antiviral agents

Question 5

Ginseng

Answer 5

• PRIMARY USE: support overall health and boost immune system
• Secondary use: lower blood glucose and tx erectile dysfunction
• ADVERSE
  
  • irritiablity, sleeplessness and manic behavior in pts taking antipsychotic durs
  • DO NOT USE IN PTS with autoimmune disorder

Question 6

Milk thistle (silymarin)

Answer 6

• USe: liver disease (cirrhosis, drug-induced hepatotoxicity, hepatitis)
• MoA: reduce collagen accumulation in chemically damage mouse livers and prevent hep C entry into liver cells

Question 7

St. Johns WORT

Answer 7

• USE: antidepressant
• MoA: inhibit reuptake of serotonin, dopamine, norepeinephrine at nerve terminals
• ADVERSE
  
  • photosensitization, hypomania and mania
  • CAN INDUCE HEPATIC CYP ENZYMES and the P-glycoprotein drug transporter

Question 8

Saw palmetto

Answer 8

• USE: tx of bening prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Question 9

Glucosamine and chodroitin

Answer 9

• Osteoarthritis
• MoA: provides building blocks for better balanced maintenance
• ADVERSE: may enahnve anticoagulant effects of warfarin

Question 10

Melatonin

Answer 10

• REgulates sleep wake cycle
• Adverse
  
  • drosiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache and irritabiility
  • blood pressure (increase and decrease
  • May decrease prothrombin time
  • AVOID USE IF TYRING TO MAKE BABIES

Question 11

Butterbur

Answer 11

migrane

Question 12

Feverfew

Answer 12

• USE = migraine
• MoA= inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
• Adverse
  
  • mouth ulceration
  • do not use during pregnancy –> cause uterine contractions

Question 13

Coenzyme Q10

Answer 13

• Reduction of statin-induced myopathy, HTN, ischemic heart disease, neurodegerenatice disease, migraine
• MoA
  
  • protect cell membrane function and acts as an antioxidant
  • cofactor that function in electron transport chain
• ADVERSE
  
  • avoid in pts on WARFARIN
  • well tolerated