Lecture 3

Question 1

Cholos

Answer 1

Anger at being deprived of prize as a marker of social status

Question 2

Ajax vs. Odysseus is also known as

Answer 2

Bie vs. Metis

Question 3

Geras

Answer 3

Prize and/or slave wife

Question 4

Aethlon

Answer 4

Prize

Question 5

“As I see it, stranger, you’re no good at sports like a real man. You remind me of a master peddling sailor, one who trades from port to port with thoughts for nothing but cargoes and loads and especially for profits. You’re no athlete.”

Answer 5

Odyssey

Question 6

Epinician Poetry

Answer 6

Poetry sang in praise of a victor

Question 7

“So the blessed gods had done a hard piece of work, settled by force (biê) the question of rights with the Titans. Then at Gaia’s suggestion they pressed broad-browed Zeus, the Olympian, to be their king and rule the Immortals. And so Zeus dealt out their privileges and rights (timê).”

Answer 7

Theogony

Question 8

“I’ll give her back, if that’s what’s best. I don’t want to see the army destroyed like this. But I want another prize (geras) ready for me right away. I’m not going to be the only Greek without a prize (agerastos), it wouldn’t be right. And you all see where mine is going.”

Answer 8

Agamemnon, Iliad

Question 9

I’ve raided twelve cities with our ships
and eleven on foot in the fertile Troad,
looted them all, brought back heirlooms
By the ton, and handed it all over
To Atreus’ son (Agamemnon), who hung back in camp
Raking it in and distributing damn little.
What the others did get they at least got to keep.
They all have their prizes (gera), everyone but me
I’m the only Greek from whom he took something back.

Answer 9

Achilles, Iliad

Question 10

It’s for you, dog face, for your precious pleasure-
And Menelaus’ honor (timê)- that we came here,
A fact you don’t have the decency even to mention!
And now you are threatening to take away my prize (geras)
That I sweated for and the Greeks gave me.
I never get a prize equal to yours when the army captures one of the Trojan strongholds.

Answer 10

Achilles, Iliad

Question 11

“Mother, since you gave me life (390)
if only for a while—Olympian Zeus,
high thunderer, should give me due honour (timê). But he doesn’t grant me even slight respect. For wide-ruling Agamemnon, Atreus’ son, has shamed me (not given timê), has taken away my prize (geras), appropriated it for his own use.”

Answer 11

Achilles to Thetis

Question 12

And with his own arms Achilles reached for Patroclus, but could not take him, and the spirit (psuchê) went underground, like vapour,
with a thin cry, and Achilleus was amazed, staring:
“Oh wonder! Even in the house of Hades there is left something, a spirit and an image, but there is no mind in it.”

Answer 12

Iliad

Question 13

Sema

Answer 13

Sign, Grave-Marker

Question 14

Mnema

Answer 14

Memory

Question 15

Then let us wrap the bones in fat and keep them
In a golden bowl, until I am hidden in Hades.
You need not labor over a huge barrow for him,
But only what is seemly. Later the Achaeans
Can build it broad and high, all of you still left
Amid our thwarted ships when I am gone.

Answer 15

Patroclus to Achilles, Iliad

Question 16

I think that your horses are the slowest, and that your work will be harder. The horses of these men are faster, but they do not know better than you how to plan (i.e how to use mêtis). Remember, then, my dear boy, always to have your plan in mind so that the prizes (aethla) will not elude you. The woodcutter is far better with skill (mêtis) than with brute force (Biê); it is with skill that the pilot holds his swift ship on course though buffeted by winds on the wine-colored sea. Thus too by skill (mêtis) one charioteer passes another.

Answer 16

Nestor to Antilochus, Iliad

Question 17

“Ajax, although you are the best in abuse and stupidity, you are the worst of the Argives with that donkey’s brain of yours. Now put your money where your mouth is and bet me a tripod-cauldron. We’ll have Agamemnon, son of Atreus, hold the bet…”

Answer 17

Idomeneus, Iliad

Question 18

Ajax and Idomeneus, be quiet. This is not becoming, and if others were acting like you, you yourselves would be angry with them.

Answer 18

Achilles, Iliad

Question 19

Achilles, I will be really angry (cholos) with you, if you do as you suggest. You mean to take my prize (aethlon) away, thinking that, even though Eumelos is a wretched driver, he is a good man. Well, he ought to have prayed to the gods, and then he would not have been last. If he is so dear to you and such a good friend, then there is plenty of gold in your tent, and bronze and sheep, and women and horses. From those, give him a prize, even better than mine, and the Achaeans will applaud you, but I will not give up the mare, and if anyone wanter her he will have to fight me to get her.

Answer 19

Anticlochus, Iliad

Question 20

“Antilochos, although I was angry I will now give way to you, since you were not flighty or lightheaded before now. Your youth got the better of your brain. You will not play tricks on your betters another time. Another man might not have won me over, but you have suffered much and worked hard for my sake, as have your noble father and your brother. Therefore I shall be swayed by your supplication, and I will even give you the mare, although she is mine, so that all may see and know that my heart is never arrogant and stubborn.”

Answer 20

Menelaos, Iliad

Question 21

Tripod

Answer 21

Three legged cooking vessel used as prestige good

Question 22

Geras

Answer 22

Physical symbol of timé

Question 23

Reciprocity

Answer 23

3 obligations to give, to receive, to reciprocate